A goiter is often referred to as an enlargement of the thyroid gland which is not caused by inflammation or cancer. Goiter, when at a simple level, occurs when the thyroid gland can not produce enough of the thyroid hormone to meet the body's daily requirements. As a counteraction, the thyroid gland enlarges, which usually overcomes small thyroid hormone deficiencies. A simple case like this is called either an endemic goiter or a sporadic goiter.
Endemic goiters often occur within groups of people living in areas with soil with low iodine, usually regions away from the sea coast. Most people in
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