Mauna Loa reveiled (Volcanic History)

A detailed Summary of Mauna Loa reveiled (Volcanic History)

The unique landscape of Hawaii mostly originated form volcanoes. Most of the active

volcanoes on earth are discovered around the islands of Hawaii. The island of Hawaii is made

up of five volcanoes: Kohala, Mauna Kia, Hulalai, Mauna Loa, and Kilawa . Among these,

the enormous volcano, Mauna Loa covers the large area of the island. Though this huge

volcano erupts less frequently, its past history, recent eruption and for its significance as the

largest volcano on our planet made Mauna Loa a center of attention for the world.

Being one of the earth's most active volcanoes, Mauna Loa has erupted 33 times since 1843. These eruptions have produced lava flows covering 806 km2 of the island of Hawaii. The longest lava flow from the eruption of Mauna Loa was the pa hoe hoe (means ropy or smooth) flow in 1859. This 50 km long lava flow has reached the ocean north of Kiholo Bay on Hawaii's west coast (Fig.1.1) . Another eruption that occurred in 1880-81, has produced a

48 km long pa hoe hoe flows (1). Between 1868 and 1950, five eruptions produced lava flows that have reached the West Coast (Fig.1.1)[2]. One of these eruptions was fissure (crack) eruption started on November 21st, 1935 and ended on January 2nd 1936. Ot

Mauna Loa has caught the curiosity of the scientists and researchers for its long time activity. It has kept changing the ecosystem on its surface with the eruption it has made from the past. To biologists, "Mauna Loa is a place of global significance- not for it rocks, but for the organisms and ecosystems that occupy its surface (1)." So for ecological studies, this shield volcano made it self an extraordinarily valuable resource.

We should develop several defensive ways to avoid future volcanic hazards from Mauna Loa. The hazards can be minimized by evacuating people from the nearby-threatened area of Mauna Loa. Governments also should put some restriction about building property in the areas of highest hazard. Diverting lava flows with dikes or barriers may work to protect developed areas form the lava flow of this huge volcano. Diversion structures have been constructed in Hawaii to protect the Mauna Loa Observatory. But the best defense against any volcanic disaster is education. Some geologic surveys do the job trying to educate people about the hazards of volcanoes. If the residents in nearby area of Mauna Loa are aware of the hazards, they can make decisions regarding where to build houses, develop properties etc. A well-informed public will use this information wisely.

her four eruptions have produced lava flows traveled to the sea in 3 to 48 hours (in less than 3

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Category: Science