The megalithic structures of Northern Europe can be classified into three basic categories: Temples, Tombs, and Alignments. Almost all construction was done using rough-hewn stone without the benefit of mortar. Temples and large communal tombs (often referred to as a Necropolis) are generally found on the islands of Malta and Gozo, two sma

Alignments are perhaps the most famous of the Neolithic monuments. These monuments consist of one or more standing stone arranged in lines, circles, and horseshoes. These stones are rough-hewn slabs of stone, standing upright in the ground. Rather than being tombs, these monuments are thought to be outdoor temples or astronomical calendars.

Neolithic tombs were usually for communal burial. The necropolis of Hal Saflieni, on Malta, has yielded over 7,000 bodies, in addition to several large statues of females. Such large tombs are not common in the more northern regions of Europe. The most common tomb type here is called the dolmen and is found in great numbers in England, Ireland, and Scotland. Dolmens are chambers or enclosures consisti

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