United States oil companies depend on U.S. land for domestic oil production just as the United States needs domestic oil companies to be more energy self-sufficient. The demand for oil has become a topic for discussion and how to obtain it is an even bigger concern. The President and other politicians have been debating whether or not to open the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge for oil production. The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, known as ANWR, is 19.5 million acres of wildlife reserve in northeastern Alaska. The land is filled with many animals, including polar bears, wolves, wolverines, and grizzly bears, which make their home in the reserve. Designated for protection in 1960 by President Eisenhower, the refuge has been a critical spot for environmentalists for years, while being coveted by some of America's biggest oil companies. After Congress banned oil development in the refuge, oil industry lobbyists and Alaska's congressional delegation have sought to overturn the legislation. Still others in Congress have tried to end the debate by declaring the refuge's oil-rich coastal plain a permanently protected wilderness. Opening up the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge

Based upon United States Geological Survey geology data, this graph shows the estimated market price of gasoline per barrel of economically recoverable oil that may occur beneath the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge 1002 area. The mean line forecasts the ratio of barrels to the market price per barrel. The plotted market prices include the cost of finding, developing, producing, and transporting oil. There are large amounts oil reserves in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge that are expensive and not worth oil development. It is estimated that the ANWR fields could produce about four billion barrels of oil and earn eight hundred billion dollars (Roth 2). For this reason, it would seem beneficial to open the lands for oil production. But, it will take about 10 years of development and drilling before oil production from Arctic National Wildlife Refuge first reaches American consumers (ANWR 1).

Because 3-D seismic involves more tight turns by heavy equipment than does 2-D, the potential for vegetation damage is greater. For this reason, it can be assumed that the medium and high disturbance levels to tundra would occur in greater proportions from 3-D seismic lines than that presented for 2-D (USFWS staff 3).

Refuge despite a myriad of debates, polls, and surveys.

in Alaska to the highest bidding oil company would not only ensure the ruin of the Alaskan habitat, but also waste time and money.

Gasoline prices are directly affected by oil prices, which in turn affect and worry most Americans. Because of the huge effect on the individual's checkbook, many people are making rash decisions about whether to open Arctic National Wildlife Refuge without the research that they need to understand the situation. If no one steps into help, this animal habitat is in danger of being sold to the highest bidder. Special interest groups, such as the Wilderness Society and the Alaska Wilderness League, have set out to stop oil production in this area and to educate people with the facts. The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge should be saved and not be open for oil production.

Another problem with opening up to oil production is the fact that Arctic National Wildlife Refuge will benefit the United States more as a refuge. Survey after survey shows clearly that the more people learn about the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge the more the American people wish to protect it. Due to the emotion behind the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge a plethora of active groups have been working to change the refuge into a national monument. The beautiful 100-mile long strip of land along with all the animals deserve to be left in peace. There are many alternatives such as electric cars, solar panels, and foreign oil

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Approximate Word count = 1833
Approximate Pages = 7 (250 words per page double spaced)