Autism In Children
In our society there are many developmental disorders that prevent us from functioning at a conventional level. A developmental disorder is a disease that prevents a person from learning the everyday tasks that make us what we as a society perceive to be normal. Autism is the one of the severest developmental disorders. It typically appears during the first two and a half to three years of life, and occurs in approximately 6 out of every 10,000 births. It is four times more common in boys than girls. It has been found throughout the world in families of all racial, ethnic and social backgrounds (Cohen, Donnellan, 1987). Autism is characterized by several factors. One factor is a strong tendency to avoid social contact even with parents and teachers. The Autistic child is said to be detached, withdrawn, and described as living in a world of his/her own. They are easily upset with any change in their daily activities such as the time they eat a meal, play outdoors, or go to sleep. Autistic children often display obsessive behaviors, that include, hand flailing, rocking, and head banging. About half of autistic children may remain mute their whole lives while few others gain slight and primitive speech. E
Mutism Rarely interrupted by the production of a full sentence, usually in situations where the child is highly stressed. One of the most prominent aspects of the autistic disorder is the aspect of social disability. A social disability is an inability or refusal to interact with other people in society. As stated above autistic children do not prefer to develop relationships with other people including their own family and caretakers such as teachers and doctors. Rutter and Kanner, a team of psychologists, did a study in the 1970's and 1980's about autism. They classified autism into three sub-groups based on the child's social troubles. The three groups were aloof, passive, and active but odd. The aloof group was described as removed from others. The passive group was described as the easiest to manage and integrate in to social units or groups, they are able to be part of a group; however they do not bond with that group or understand it's function. The active but odd was categorized as most difficult to deal with by the caretakers. They demanded social attention only because of lengthy monologues and repetitive questioning. This group was found to be the most difficult; because the more they respond the more the initial demands from the child are repeated and never fully understood (Schopler, Meisibov 1986). Community Inclusion and Play Materials 2. Training objects should be coordinated across related domains If the debate is not where to teach autistic children then it should be how to teach them. In many books the model that comes ups as the most effective is the interactional model. The model is based on the Piagetain theory of how children should learn. The chart below describes the model. Since the move to deinstitutionalize individuals with severe cognitive disabilities there have been problems as to how to help them fit into communities. The problem
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Approximate Word count = 2065
Approximate Pages = 8 (250 words per page double spaced)
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