catal huyuk
According to archaeologist in order to be defined as a civilization certain criteria must be met. Early archaeologists believed in order to be considered a civilization a society must have cultural superiority, which meant they must have the ability to read and write. If this was the sole criteria used to judge if a society was labeled a civilization, then you could say the Inca of South America, who constructed cities on top of mountains and had a complex system of irrigation canals, were not one because they did not have a system for reading or writing. Modern archaeologists now think of civilization as not better but different. The modern definition of civilization consists of the development of cities, or urbanization, the existence of a centralized political unit, a dense population in the thousands and a degree of organizational complexity. After reading and listening to class lecture I believe that Catal Huyuk should be considered a civilization. As you read on I will discuss point by point why I feel Catal Huyuk was a civilization. Signs of craft specialization are very apparent at Catal Huyuk. There are a variety tools and weapons made from obsidian, flint, stone and bone. A process called flint knapping, or
It appears that Catal Huyuk was a major player in the trade of obsidian. Obsidian was a sought after commodity of the time for it's many uses from tools to mirrors, and since Catal Huyuk was actively involved in the trade of this commodity it made them very wealthy. The obsidian found at Catal Huyuk was indignant and manufactured in a way in central Analtolia. This is known because the obsidian found in Catal Huyuk was made in the same process as the obsidian found in central Analtolia. If trade caravans can attain obsidian from central Analtolia there's no telling how far their trade routes stretched. The clay balls mentioned during class were very technologically advanced for the time. These clay balls were used in all sorts of ways. For instance after being heated they could be used for bringing water to a boil quickly and the clay balls could also be used in cooking meat. The clay balls are placed inside the meat buried and as the clay balls slowly cool the meat cooks. The final use for the clay balls that was mentioned during class was for heating a section of the house. Since the only opening on the roof was over the oven it would be very dangerous to have an open fire near the beds, which the residents of Catal Huyuk probably had to learn the hard way. That's why the clay balls were so handy to have all they did was radiate heat. chipping, was used to shape a stone, like flin
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Approximate Word count = 949
Approximate Pages = 4 (250 words per page double spaced)
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