In 1993 Samuel P. Huntington wrote an article for the respected journal Foreign Affairs titled "The Clash of Civilizations?". This article was very controversial and stirred up much debate among scholars, politicians, and anyone interested in the future of international affairs. His book, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order, is a more detailed exploration of the ideas and predictions put forth in his article.

Huntington believes that with the end of the Cold War, the world is divided along the borders of civilizations and religion rather than the bound

Huntington also cites the rejection of assimilation by immigrants as a problem within Western societies. Muslims in Europe and Hispanics in the United States are cited as examples of this phenomenon in which immigrants adhere to and propagate the values and customs of their home culture. This failure to assimilate in the West, according to Huntington, will cause these countries to become "cleft" countries, divided along cultural lines.

aries of countries. He identifies eight clearly distinct civilizations: Western (the United States and western Europe), Islamic, Sinic (primarily China), Orthodox (primarily Russia), Japanese, Hindu, Latin American, and African. A pervasive presumption in the Western world is that with the fall of communism, the West has "won" and that the rest of the world will now embrace democracy and Western culture. Huntington disagrees with this presumption. In his book, Huntington shows us how civilizations and cultural identities are shaping the post-Cold War world.

In the first part of the book, Huntington describes how the world has gone from being bipolar during the Cold War, to being multipolar in the post-Cold War era. During the Cold War the world was basically divided along the lines of the "democracy vs. communism" conflict. Now that the Cold War is over, lines are being drawn along various ethnic and religious lines. Huntington uses many diverse examples such as the fighting between tribes and clans in Rwanda and Somalia, the clash of ethnic groups in Bosnia, and the conflicts in Sri Lanka, India, and Sudan. Throughout his book, for each concept put forth, Huntington gives detailed examples and illustrations.

Samuel Huntington also attacks multiculturalism as a threat to the United States. He states that multiculturalists have "denied the existence of a common American culture, and promoted racial, ethnic, and other subnational cultural identities and groupings" and have "attacked the identification of the United States with Western civilization". He accuses President Clinton and the federal government of promoting this diversity rather than unity. Huntington believes that trying to create a country made up of many civilizations will only weaken the United States and damage its cohesiveness, dividing it from the rest of Western civilization. If the United States is pulled away from the rest of Western civilization, the West will be reduced to Europe and a few scattered settler countrie

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