John Dewey was a man who made a dramatic impact on the way curriculum design is viewed today. Dewey was born in Vermont in 1859 and throughout his lifetime he became well known as a philosopher, educator and psychologist. Many of Dewey's ideas evolved from Charles Darwin's theory of evolution and the idea of pragmatism. Pragmatism is the process of utilizing practical approaches to solving problems. Dewey once stated "We cannot solve such problems by habitual actions and thoughts. We must use intelligence to overcome obstacles." He felt that science played a big part in the educational development process and viewed science as a method of probing into the behavior of things. From this idea of environmentally-based, active, hands-on learning, he began to develop a theory which became known as the Progressive Education Theory. This was the process of transforming curriculum from rote mem

Madeline Hunter, who was also an educator, philosopher and psychologist had a different perspective on the process of educating children. She believed that there are several elements that must be considered in planning for effective instruction. These steps became known as the Madeline Hunter Seven Step Lesson Plan. This lesson plan should begin with feel tone which is the process in which a teacher interacts with the students in an effort to put them at ease within the classroom. This creates a relaxed environment, that Hunter felt, is more suitable for learning. Next, is the anticipatory set which is an introduction to the lesson plan with the idea of grabbing the students' attention and getting them excited about the learning to follow. Then the teacher would begin the body of the lesson by utilizing class participation. This is where the teacher provides the information needed to gain the knowledge or skill. The teacher would be interacting with the student and actively involving them in the learning process. Hunter's model than focuses on the importance of checking for understanding which the teacher does directly or indirectly. This ensures that the students have grasped the lesson presented and if they have not, then the teacher will monitor and adjust according to the needs of the students. This is where the teacher will actively observe the students and adj

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