the people of France, was dedicated by President Grover Cleveland. Set at

the entrance to New York, the statue was just in time to greet the biggest

migration in global history. The inscription on the Statue of Liberty, written by Emma Lazarus in 1883, invites the rest of the world to "give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, the wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door."

In the late 1800's and early 1900's, a time period known as the Progressive era, there were massive waves of immigration to America. More than a million immigrants arrived in each of the years 1905, 1906, 1907, 1910, 1913, and 1914. Totaling over 23 million immigrants to America between the years 1880 and 1921. These new immigrants were largely Italians, Hungarians, Jews, Serbians, Irish, and Slovaks. Other small, but notable groups included French Canadians, Chinese, and Japanese. This so called "new immigration" was different in many other ways from previous immigration. Until 1897, 90 percent of all overseas immigrants had come from Protestant northern and we

stern Europe. But for the first time, Catholic and Jewish immigrants outnumbered Protestants, and still other arrivals were Muslims, Buddhists, or Greek or Russian Orthodox church members.

While the immigrants provided industries with a cheap source of labor, Americans were both afraid of and hostile towards these new groups. If an immigrant gains employment, he does so only by displacing an American who previously held that job. For an immigrant to find an employer, he would have to offer himself at a lower wage than an American worker was earning. In addition to, if Americans were to keep their jobs, they had to match the lower wages. Because of the intense competition, Many "natives" (people lucky enough to have immigrated earlier) formed groups similar to the Know-nothing party of earlier times. The Immigration Restriction League and the American Protective Association were formed to enforce nativist goals. These groups worked to restrict the number of immigrants entering the United States in several ways. Most significantly, nativists called for laws restricting the number of immigrants that could enter the country. In 1921 Congress passed the Diddingham Bill, which established quotas for the number of immigrants the United States would accept from each nation. The bill marked the end of America's open-door policy toward immigration and, consequently, the end of the greatest influx of immigrants in U.S. history.

Fleeing such hardships as poverty, religious persecution, and political unrest in their homelands, immigrants journeyed to the United States in search of freedom and opportunity. The immigrants came partly because Europe seemed to be running out of room. The population of the Old World more than doubled in the nineteenth century, and Europe began to generate a seething pool of apparently "Surplus" people. They were displaced and footloose in their homelands before they felt the tug of the American magnet. However, most of the immigrants came to the United States for economic reasons. In the late 1800's, the agriculturally based economies of

Some common words found in the essay are:
York City, Jewish Pale, Ellis Island, Russian Orthodox, Emma Lazarus, Diddingham Bill, Revolution Farmers, Protective Association, Chinese Japanese, Cleveland Set, religious persecution, ellis island, cheap source labor, statue liberty, political religious, immigrants united, late 1800's, cheap source, source labor,
Approximate Word count = 1407
Approximate Pages = 6 (250 words per page double spaced)