Mussolini's Italy between 1922 and 1932
Italy, in the period that Benito Mussolini ruled was considered to be a totalitarian country. Mussolini established a totalitarian state by the use of fascist ideology upon which was a one party system and all the paraphernalia of the personality cults.. According to Mussolini's oratory all aspects of life had to be systematically directed by the military. Mussolini had used propangada, and fascism to reach his goal- Italy to become a totalitarian country. His objective was to control all economic, political and social activities of the Italian people, thus controlling all aspects of society. Totalitarianism is the form of government that theoretically permits no individual freedom and that seeks to subordinate all aspects of individual life to the authority of the government. By the control of the communications the ruling party and the government are in prossesion of all channels through which people receive information and direction. All newspapers, magazines, books, television broadcasting theater production and cinema, is certainly controlled and directed. However, in order for us to understand how Italy became a totalitarian country, we have first to examine why Benito Mussolini came to power.
Italy had been promised extra land by Britain and France during the war, but when the war ended it was not handed over. This made it look as if the Italian Government had been ignored. The governments after the war were weak. They were coalitions made up of more than one party and were not able to take decisions. Mussolini began a series of schemes to improve the Italian economy; he called these the "Battles". He tried to make Italy self-sufficient in food and to increase the Italian population - farmers were encouraged to grow more wheat (the Battle for Grain), families were encouraged to have more children (the Battle for Births), and land for agriculture (the Battle for Land) was reclaimed. Mussolini began to build motorways (autostrada) to provide work for Italians during the Depression. He also built new public buildings and claimed that he "made the railways run on time". He began to build a new city "Mussolinia" in southern Italy as part of the "Battle of the Southern Problem", which was intended to make southern Italy more prosperous. He evidently hoped the war might lead to a collapse of society that would bring him to power. Called up for military service, he was wounded in grenade practice in 1917 and returned to edit his paper. Mussolini set up the Fascist Party and posed as a strong man who could sort out Italy's problems. He promised to rebuild Italy and recreate the Roman Empire. In his endeavor, Mussolini organised armed gangs, called the Blackshirts, who dealt with troublemakers and criminals. They also broke up strikes. In some cities, Bologna for example, the Fascists were the police force. dly during the war - 460,000 soldiers were killed
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Approximate Word count = 1135
Approximate Pages = 5 (250 words per page double spaced)
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