Emerging as a military hero in 1915, he became the charismatic leader of the Turkish national liberation struggle in 1919. Following a series of highly impressive victories against all odds, he led his nation to full independence on October 29, 1923. On that date Mustafa, proclaimed the Republic of Turkey. The new nation-state stood in sharp contrast to the multi-ethnic Ottoman Empire out of whose ashes it arose. Ataturk's Turkey dedicated itself to the sovereignty of the national will - to the creation of, in President's words, "the state of the people ". The Republic quickly got after putting an end to the so-called "Capitulations ", or the special rights and privileges that the Ottomans had granted to some European powers.

The New Turkey's ideology was, and still remains, "Kemalism", later known as "Ataturkism". Its basic principles underscore the republican form of government representing the power of electorate, secular administration, nationalism, mixed economy with state participation in many of t

Ataturk's aim was to modernize Turkish life in order to give his nation a new sense of dignity, equality, and happiness. Because after more than three centuries of relatively high achievement, the Ottoman Empire had declined from the 17th to 20th century. Ataturk resolved to lead his country out of the crumbling past into a brave new future. In his modernization, secular government and education played a large role. By making a person's religious faith an individual's matter, rather than the state's, he created a truly secular system in Turkey, where the vast Moslem majority and the small Christian and Jewish minorities are free to practice their faith. He aspired to freedom and equality for all. When he proclaimed the Republic, he announced that " the new Turkish State is a state of the people and a state by the people." Having established a populist and egalitarian system, he later said, "We are a nation without classes or special privileges." He also stressed the importance of the peasants, who had been neglected in the Ottoman times: " The true owner and master of Turkey is the peasant who is the real producer." To give his nation a modern outlook, Ataturk introduced many reforms: European hats replaced the fez; women stopped wearing the veil; all citizens took surnames; and the Islamic calendar gave way to the Western calendar.

he vital sectors, and modernization. Ataturkism introduced to Tur

Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Pages = 4 (250 words per page double spaced)