Nathaniel Hawthorne
Nathaniel Hawthorne is considered one of the best American fiction writers. His novels and short stories are deeply concerned with the ethical problems of sin, punishment, and redemption. Hawthorne's exploration of these themes was related to the sense of guilt he felt about the roles of his ancestors in the 17th-century persecution of Quakers. In his works, Puritanism is portrayed as an expression of "humanity's potential for cruelty, obsession, and intolerance." .Many of his masterpieces are influenced by Hawthorne's life events and his belief that the misfortunes of his immediate family were the result of divine vengeance for the sins of his ancestors. Hawthorne was born in Salem, Massachusetts, and he was descended from a line of loyal Puritans that included persecutors of the Quakers and judges at the famous Salem witch trials. He first thought of his family background as the cause of God's punishment at the age of four, when his father died leaving his grief-stricken mother to raise him and his two sisters. Hawthorne began to write while at
tending Bowdoin College. His early works were historical sketches and symbolic and allegorical tales. They received little public recognition, however, and Hawthorne attempted to destroy all copies of his first novel, Fanshawe (1828). During this period he also contributed articles and short stories to periodicals. Several of the stories were published in Twice-Told Tales (1837), which, although not a financial success, established Hawthorne as a leading writer. Many of Hawthorne's best pieces of literature were written in a time of turmoil in his life and are inspired by his own personal life lessons and conflicts within himself. Through his works, he provided insight about the secret motivations in human behavior and the guilt and anxiety that he believed resulted from sins against humanity, especially those of pride. His literary style has greatly influenced the development of American literature. In 1842 he married Sophia Amelia Peabody of Salem and settled in Concord, Massachusetts, in a house called the Old Manse. There Hawthorne wrote many of the pieces include
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Approximate Word count = 729
Approximate Pages = 3 (250 words per page double spaced)
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