(N. Krupskaya, Memories of Lenin, pp. 351-2.)

Why did Russia become a communist republic? This is the question that has been asked by many a person since the rise of Stalin and the start of the Cold War. To properly understand this, it is important to realize the situation that the people of Russia were in.

Russia was a very backward, very underdeveloped country. They had the save government since feudal times, spanning back to over 300 years of Romanov leader

Now, while Lenin had power, the assembly had only 105 Bolshevik members elected, with the Mensheviks composing of 532 seats. This fact made Lenin decide to dissolve the assembly, in order to make a fully communist state. With this, he became the one and only power in Russia. He quickly set forth laws banning other parties, and set up laws distributing land to all of the people.

"In the days of the great struggle against the foreign enemies, who for nearly three years have tried to enslave our fatherland, the Lord God has been pleased to send down on Russia a new heavy trial. Internal popular disturbances threaten to have a disastrous effect on the future conduct of this persistent war. The destiny of Russia, the honor of our heroic army, the welfare of the people and the whole future of our dear fatherland demand that the war should be brought to a victorious conclusion whatever the cost. The cruel enemy is making his last efforts, and already the hour approaches when our glorious army together with our gallant allies will crush him. In these decisive days in the life of Russia, We thought it Our duty of conscience to facilitate for Our people the closest union possible and a consolidation of all national forces for the speedy attainment of victory. In agreement with the Imperial Duma We have thought it well to renounce the Throne of the Russian Empire and to lay down the supreme power. As We do not wish to part from Our beloved son, We transmit the succession to Our brother, the Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich, and give Him Our blessing to mount the Throne of the Russian Empire. We direct Our brother to conduct the affairs of state in full and inviolable union with the representatives of the people in the legislative bodies on those principles which will be established by them, and on which He will take an inviolable oath.

He also set up a group called the Checka, which were his secret police service who would be his eyes and ears. This secret police was given the right of trial jurisdiction and the right to execute the sentences, including death penalty. This force was not as important now, however in the future it became a deadly force used by Stalin.

When Lenin arrived in Russia, he had two objectives. The first was to organize the Bolsheviks. This was the easier task, as when their leader had come back from Germany, the group became revitalized. This was important for Lenin, as he had not been in Russia for quite some time, and he required the aid of the Bolsheviks who had gained the trust of the people.

However, there were many good things that were brought around by the revolution. The modernization and strengthening of Russia. The 50-year period from 1913 to 1963, the growth of productivity of labor in industry, the key index of economic development, advanced by 73 per cent in Britain and by 332 per cent in the USA. In the USSR, labor productivity rose in the same period by 1,310 per cent, although from a very low base, as illustrated in the following graph.

During this whole time, Lenin was in Germany waiting and watching. When he saw the fall of the Russian government into the weak provisional government, he knew it was time for his move. He made a deal with the Germans, who were most willing to offer a seale

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