The Roman Republic was what built up the foundation for the Roman Empire. During the Republic, a small group of people started from scratch and developed their own systems, which later develops into the Roman Empire. The strong leaders of the Republic had conquered much land and people for Rome. The Roman Republic thus ignites Roman civilization, which leads on to the second step- the Roman Empire.

The Roman Empire started off with leader Augustus, who was left over from the last triumvirate of the Republic. He felt that "a new era in the state had been securely laid" , wanting Rome to have a fresh start. During the time of the Republic, Romans were mostly fighting for land, without much civilization. There was competition amongst rulers and the Republic did not much flourish. When the reign of Augustus began Pax Romana (Latin for peaceful Rome), there was peace at last.

Land was not a problem for Rome, for it had an abundance, more t

During the Roman Empire, there were many influences from different cultures of the different people they had conquered. Thus, Roman culture was adapted to many cultures. Two major aspects of culture that flourished were religion and literature. Romans took on Greek culture and became blended into a Greco Roman culture. Also Greek influences were the philosophies of Epicureanism and Stoicism. Stoicism taught that all was controlled by a superhuman power, and later beliefs developed from the popular philosophy. During the Empire, Christianity developed and Judaism spread as well. Judaism sprung a conquest of the Jews. Christianity was developed from Jesus, a Roman spread his teachings and beliefs which became to be a widespread religion. Literature also developed, taking on new forms. Patriotic works written about Rome, such as Livy's History and the Aeneid written by Virgil, were approved of by emperors. However, during the Empire, new forms developed in Latin literature where writers' works were of criticism rather than patriotism; they "mocked the society and politics of great Rome" . Although the works mocked the Empire, they were of a new developed form during the Roman Empire at its peak and were tolerated. They were important as well, for they named the period of time the silver age of literature.

han any empire before, due to the gains from the Republic, which decreased the Romans' will to conquer more land. Their ambitions, instead, pointed towards other aspects of civilization. In the peace of Pax Romana, they put their conquered lands and people into good use, having them flourish, as one unified empire, in terms of politics, economics and culture.

The Byzantine Empire followed the Roman Empire, and it, also, seems meager in comparison. It had evolved from the Roman Empire, and because it was in t

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Approximate Word count = 1240
Approximate Pages = 5 (250 words per page double spaced)