The philosophical investigation of the nature and grounds of religious beliefs is one of the oldest and most persistent areas of philosophical endeavor. Religious belief and practice give rise to a variety of philosophical issues, posing epistemological questions about the justification of religious belief, metaphysical questions about the nature of God and his/her existence in plural or singular form(s), and ethical questions about the relation of God to moral values. So many are the intersecting major philosophical concerns in the religious arena, and so immediate is the interest, that philosophy of religion is one of the most significant fields of philosophical endeavor to both Christian philosophers and those of other persuasions. The focus of problems in the philosophy of religion, that will be centered on, are the grounds for the belief in God(s), the immortality of the soul, the nature of God(s) to humankind, and the problem of evil.

Polytheism is distinguished from monotheism, on the basis of polytheism's claim that divinity, while personal and distinguished from the universe, is many rather than one. Most traditions are polytheistic, or at least monotheistic

Preference in a polytheistic system is more logical & easily digested by the human mind, for a variety of reasons. First, different deities and systems are good at doing different things. Their is a closeness of contact with systems and patrons specializing in widely different areas. This means that whenever something needs doing, chances are a specialist not a generalist will be handling the aforementioned task, which greatly increases the chances of successful completion. For example, this excerpt from The Epic of Gilgamesh summarizes this idea, Enkidu spoke again to Gilgamesh, "O' my lord, if you will enter that country, go first to the hero Shamash, tell the Sun God, for the land is his." (Sandars 71:2) This excerpt explains the ideology the Babylonians had about consulting and/or appeasing a specific deity before a task is underwent, to insure success.

Again, the Hebrew laws were very different. The Hebrews were a very religious people with a strong monotheistic belief. Hebrews felt that God was the most important aspect of their lives. That is why the first four laws in the Ten Commandments have to do with respecting and obeying God. The remaining laws gave moral ways to live. Because of the order of the laws, it is safe to say that in Hebrew law God was the most important. In the Code of Hammurabi, the main focus of the laws was simply to give guidelines to lead his people's lives in the correct way.

Another example of traditional difference between

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