Blindness can be described in two different ways. People who are totally blind cannot tell light from dark and people who are partially blind may have some sight that can be useful to them for different purposes. Some people are born congenitally blind and others have acquired blindness. Acquired blindness can come from disease or injury. There are other conditions of blindness. Some people have what is called night blindness. They cannot see well when there is limited light. Another blindness is color blindness. In this individuals cannot distinguish one color from another.

Congenital blindness means that someone is born blind. Everyone else who is blind gets it from disease or injury. Disease causes about 95% of all bl

The last cause is aging. The aging process can take a toll on the human body. Over 2/3s of people over the age of 65 have hearing loss. Some doctors believe that the brain reduces the ability to hear over time.

Overcoming blindness is not an impossible task. There are schools that teach special techniques to people who are blind on how to read, live and get around alone, and even help blind persons find jobs. To help overcome blindness there are many aids to help the blind. Braille and books on tape help blind people read. Blind people use a special cane when walking alone. These cane are painted white to show that the person is blind. They are also longer than a normal cane so that the blind person can find his or her way around. Another aid to get around is a specially trained dog. These dogs can lead a blind person around without difficulty. Engineers are developing new devices to help the blind. One of these is a sonar device that is in a pair of glasses. These glasses send out sonar that reflects back sound. There are also many other types of glasses made to help the partially blind.

There is a huge field for education and training for those who are deaf. Children relieve special education all the way up to high school. The children learn the methods mentioned above, and some even learn to speak. The deaf can move on to universities and can join the work force. Deaf people can lead fulfilling lives.

The second cause is birth defects. Some people are born deaf due to the inner ear not developing fully, while others inherit diseases that can cause deafness later in life. If a mother has a illness during pregnancy, especially during the 1st 3 months, it can cause deafness.

The first school for the blind opened in 1784. Today more that 60% of blind children go to regular day school. Some go to special classes and others go to seeing classes. Many blind students go to college. There are many ins

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