DATE (BC) Factors affecting Antony Factors affecting Octavius

42BC Battle of Philippi. With Lepidus, Antony led an armed force into Macedonia to face the conspirators who killed Caesar. The "Republican" conspirators had 19 legions at their command (about 120000 men), against the triumvir's 28 legions (about 170000). The triumvirs won resoundingly, and the leaders (Brutus and Cassius) committed suicide. Triumvirs firmly in control of Roman Government. Lepidus, the weaker triumvir, was clearly friendly towards Antony. This is exemplified by his full support against the conspirators despite Octavius' absence, and his previous support for Antony during civil war against Octavius. Battle of Philippi. Octavius was sick during the campaign, and did not play a significant role in its events. However, through his triumviral allies he had avenged the death of his uncle.

42/1BC Division of the Empire. Antony received most of Gaul, but Cisalpine Gaul was redefined as part of Italia. Influence over government in Rome, possibly reduced, as Antony was absent in the provinces to collect taxes and appease veteran soldiers. Lepidus (Antony's ally)

38 Antony discouraged by expansion of Octavius. (read the right column first). Possibly disgruntled by Octavius' acquisition of more territory than was agreed, Antony attacks Octavius' breaking of the 39BC treaty. However, he still sends help to crush Pompey. Makes his capital in Athens. Decline of influence in Rome. (No evidence to suggest he had visited Rome since 41?) Octavius seeks to improve his standing. A defection by Pompey's supporters gives Octavius control over Corsica, Sardinia and part of Pompey's fleet. Despite treaty of 39 giving Pompey part of the Empire (a quadumvirate?), Octavius takes opportunity to boost area under his control and declares war of Pompey. It doesn't go well. Request for help denied by Lepidus and fulfilled by Antony, despite Octavius not arriving to meet the reinforcements. Forces Livia to marry him. (she was already married at the time). Indicates his presence in Rome, and his maintenance of Roman links.

was allocated Africa to put him at a distance from Antony and Octavius who divided the European empire between them. Division of the Empire. Octavius received the two Spanish provinces, and Sicily and Sardinia. He settled many of his veterans in Italy, giving him significant influence over the government in the capital. He was also responsible for defeating Sextius Pompey who was causing havoc in Sicily, and a major threat to Rome.

Octavius sought to remain close to Rome by controlling areas in the West and maintaining influence in Italy by positioning his troops there. He made friends with Agrippa, resulting in the construction of a large fleet which was the key to success in Actium. Octavius always ensured that the populus Romanus would view him as the defender of the Roman Republic, against the tyrant Antony. He ensured that his competitors (Lepidus, Sextius Pompey) were removed.

33BC heralded the end of the

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Approximate Pages = 5 (250 words per page double spaced)