In order to study the effect of conjoint interventions, Sullivan, et al. (2004) followed a nine-week group intervention program, which was designed to address the needs of female domestic violence victims and their children who have witnessed violence. The intervention had several goals: increasing pa

Mothers and children both completed two types of measurements, aimed at studying the effectiveness of the intervention at helping the children. All of the measurements had "known validity and reliability coefficients as well as norm distributions and clinical cut off scores" (Sullivan et al., 2004). The children were measured using the CBCL, which was completed by the parents and aimed at measuring behavioral problem areas in three areas: activities, social, and school. In addition, there were two domains: internalizing and externalizing. Sullivan et al. chose a clinical cutoff score of 67 to separate normal and clinically symptomatic groups (2004). In addition, the children were measured by the TSCC. "The TSCC subscales include Anxiety, Depression, Anger, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and three measures of dissociation" (Sullivan et al., 2004). The clinical cutoff on the TSCC was a T-score of 67. The PSI was completed by parents, and includes a child domain and a parent domain. "The child domain measures parent's perceptions of their children's distractibility or hyperactivity, adaptability, reinforcement of the parents, demandingness, mood, and acceptability" (Sullivan et al., 2004). Children above the 85th percentile on the PSI "might be characterized as difficult" (Sullivan et al., 2004). "The parent domain measures parents' perceptions of their own competence, isolation, attachment, health, role restriction, depression, spouses, and life stress" (Sullivan et al, 2004). The final measurement was the Children's Perception of Interpersonal Conflict (CPIC). The CPIC was a self-report measurement for children, aimed at assessing self-blame for the domestic violence in the home.

However, if the research is limited to a measurement of the mothers' and children's reported perceptions regarding the efficacy of a completed conjoint intervention program, the research design is valid. Sullivan et al. issued retests to insure that the results were consistent (2004). Furthermore, they pointed out areas of difference between those that completed the intervention and those that failed to complete the intervention (Sullivan et al., 2004). In fact, they mentioned five limitations of the research and its findings: small sample size, the fact that the research included only those that completed the intervention, the data was collapsed over time, the findings are general rather than specific, and there was no control group (Sullivan et al., 2004).

renting skills, providing coping skills to the mothers and children, safety planning for mothers and children, and decreasing post-violence stress (Sullivan, et al., 2004).

The research completed by Sullivan et al. is current and includes up-to-date information from the field of domestic violence. The article gives the reader background information on domestic violence and explains the reason for the study in question. However, the research is also hampered by its adherence to current views on domestic violence. By approaching domestic violence from a feminist perspective, the study may not have gone far enough to identify the needs of the child witnesses of domestic violence.

Another troubling aspect of the study is that the intervention programs did not appear to address abuse by the mother. Seco

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