Cnidarians are diploblastic, or, in other words, they are made up of two cell layers, in the body, and in the tentacles, and they are the endoderm and the ectoderm. The endoderm is also known as the 'gastrodermis', while the ectoderm is also known as the 'epidermis'. The 'mesogl

While in vertebrates the reproductive process is controlled by the development of the various reproductive organs and the gametes present within their bodies and which is controlled and directed by a system of complex signals in their endocrine system. Sometimes, it so happens that these signals may be blocked due to some reason or the other, and this phenomenon has not been studied in the cnidarian. The fact is that cnidarians demonstrate a variety of reproductive modes, and one method id asexual while the other is sexual. In asexual reproduction, the cnidarian may reproduce to form one new entity or a whole colony of new individuals. The amount of importance that sexual and asexual reproductions possess varies between the different taxa.

All species of cnidarians are in fact capable of sexual reproduction, and this in the case of these creatures can occur only in one phase of its entire life cycle, most often in the 'medusa'. There is asexual reproduction too among cnidarians, and this type of reproduction may more often than not occur in both phases of its life cycle. In asexual reproduction, the new entity is produced from small bits of tissue that has been budded from the parent, like for example, in the hydra, or the parent can divide it into smaller parts in order to produce the new individual. (Natural History, Reproduction and Lifecycles)

The cnidocyst has either a flagellum in its modified state known as the 'cnidocil', or it has a small ocne that can be used as a sort of sensory trigger. Whenever this trigger is touched, the thread is immediately shot out of its casing, and the substance within is ejected. The threads of the nematocyst are classified into three types. The first one is a thin tubular thread with barbs at the far end, or at the near end, or at both the ends. When the nematocyst is ejected, the barb pierces the enemy and subsequently, the poison or venom is injected into that creature. Another type of nematocyst is the 'ptychocyst', which is quite rare, occurring as it does in the Ceriantharians. These threads do not possess both spines and barbs; on the other hand, they possess adhesives, which they use to line the tubes, in which they live, and also to catch and to firmly entangle their prey. The third type, the 'spirocyst' also does not have barbs or spines; they are generally adhesive, and use this property to trap their prey and entangle them in the sticky threads. (The Phylum Cnidaria: www.earthlife.net)

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Approximate Word count = 2174
Approximate Pages = 9 (250 words per page double spaced)