The Vineland is based on how the individual deals with a variety of real life situations. Those responses may be either adaptive or maladaptive, and some responses that are age appropriate at a young age will not be typical of older individuals without any developmental difficulties (Scahill, 2001). The formats include a classroom questionnaire as well as semistructured interviews and provides multiple forms so it can be used to rate the observations of teachers, clinicians and parents, providing a broad-based view of the individual being evaluated.

The items on the questionnaire and interview are grouped into four subdivided domains. The First domain is communication, which is divided into Receptive, Expressive and Written. The second domain is Daily Livi

One of the concerns parents often have is that the classroom teacher will not be able to rate his or her child objectively. The teacher form for the Vineland shows high internal consistency, with coefficients between .80 and .98 (Hyndert et. al., 1997). Research has been done using the Vineland to study what factors affect the perceptions of teachers and parents regarding a child, as those opinions often differ. The researchers wondered what factors affected agreement or disagreement between teacher and child regarding a child, and specifically looked at whether the severity of the child's developmental delay was part of that equation (Hyndert et. al., 1997). They concluded that the different perceptions may be contextually based -- that is, that parents and teachers observe children in markedly different environments and that this could account for differing views of how the child functioned (Hyndert et. al., 1997). Such research supports the Vineland's structure, providing separate instruments for clinicians, teachers and parents.

The Vineland is in the process of being revised, and some of the revised components are available now while others will be published in 2006. The new Vineland survey form has nearly 300 items. It is completed by parent, guardian or care provider and done as a semi-structured interview which allows for open-ended answers (AGS, 2005). An expanded form includes over 575 items (AGS

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