Mercantilism equated a high level of government control with prosperity and the future of the state. (Rempel, 2005) Physiocratism stressed a lack of government control as key to allowing the agricultural sector within a nation to flourish. Thus physiocratism wished to enhance the prosperity of the rural populace rather than the aristocratic populace in control of governing the land as the 'key' to a successful economy.

Regardless, mercantilism dominated physiocratism throughout the period between 1500 and 1800. One of the most lasting legacies of mercantilism, besides enhanced royal power, were the armies and colonial dominions it encouraged European power to create. Because mercantilism believed that sea power was necessary to control foreign markets and that a powerful merchant fleet prevent the need to use the ships of another nation and becoming dependent on foreign assistance, sea power rather than agriculture became key to establishing a nation's prestige and military power. (Rempel, 2005)

ed to increase the net product of the nation rather than to enhance the nation's prosperity through military efforts to gain control of colonial powers and to provide a venue for its considerable amount of exported goods, as was key in mercantilism. ("Physiocrats," The New School, 2005) Hence mercantilism can be defined as an effort to achieve eco

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