The revealer is basically "the reverse of the withholder," and will always express their emotional state on the face (Richmond & McCroskey 2004 p. 77). Because the revealer has a "dramatic communication style," there is "little doubt how the person feels" (Richmond & McCroskey 2004 p. 77; Knapp & Hall 2006 p. 300). Revealers are highly expressive of their feelings whether they know it or not, and others have an easy time reading their emotions.

The unwitting expressor is basically someone who doesn't realize they are displaying emotions on their face; they may believe they appear neutral but actually they appear happy, sad, or frightened. For example, and unwitting expressor thinks he or she is hiding anger but the fa

Gazing is therefore a general display of interest or thoughtfulness but depending on the cultural context, the function of the gaze may differ considerably. Gazing also indicates sociability and "affiliative tendencies," especially in North America and in some European countries (Richmond & McCroskey 2004 p. 226).

A frozen affect expressor "wears a permanent mask," and is basically "born with a facial configuration" (Richmond & McCroskey 2004 p. 78; Knapp & Hall 2006 p. 300). Some people, for example, have permanent frowns on their faces, others permanent smiles. An ever-ready expressor's first response to any situation will generally be the same facial expression; he or she will "tend to display one particular emotion as the initial response to almost any situation" (Richmond & McCroskey 2004 p. 78). For example, when they hear the news that they won the lottery, an ever-ready expressor will initially frown before jumping up and down. The same person would initially frown whether or not the stimulus triggered anger, fear, joy, or surprise.

Hillary Clinton's facial expressions and eye behavior denote a woman in a position of power. Her expressions also indicate that Hillary is likely a revealer or an unwitting expressor rather than a withholder or a blanked expressor because she has a highly expressive face (Richmond & McCroskey 2004 p. 77; Knapp & Hall 2006 p. 300). Being unafraid to display emotions, Hillary somewhat falls into the stereotype of women in North American culture, who are generally more able to express emotions, according to our social codes and norms of gender-appropriate behavior (Richmond & McCroskey 2004 p. 226).

Another type of affect blend is when two different emotions are displayed in the same part of the face, as when one eyebrow is raised and the other is not (Knapp & Hall 2006 p. 302). Or, a person's mouth may be twisted into a shape that speaks both of sadness and shame.

However, as Richmond & McCroskey (2004) state, emotions that are expressed through the face vary from culture to culture and in North America, the "most commonly used emotions" include sadness, anger, fear, disgust, interest, surprise, happiness, distrust, confusion, contempt, guilt, and betrayal (p. 81). Therefore, facial expressions are complex maps of a person's emotional state. Some of the most straightforward facial expressions of emotions include a smile for happiness, a gaping mouth with surprise, or a frown with confusion or doubt (Richmond & McCroskey 2004 p. 82).

The Japanese culture is not the only one in which gazing is considered impolite or inappropriate. Many cultures teach that gazing excessively is a sign of disrespect and therefore, a lack of direct gazing is not always a sign of disinterest. In many cultures, gazing or making eye contact is only appropriate between social equals but is discouraged between subordinates and superiors.

2. Describe the emotions that can be expressed through facial expressions.

4. What are the functions of gazing?

Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 2763
Approximate Pages = 11 (250 words per page double spaced)