Anorexia nervosa is a psychiatric disorder characterized by abnormal eating behaviors that can result in significant weight loss and serious medical consequences (Gurenlian). It is defined by refusal to maintain body weight over a minimal normal weight for age and height, an intense fear of gaining weight, and a distorted body image (Gurenlian). According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IVTR), anorexia is also divided into two subtypes, restricting anorexia characterizes individuals who drastically limit their food intake, and purging anorexia describes individuals who engage in purging behaviors (Gurenlian). The pattern is to alternate food avoidance with overeating (Gurenlian).

Anorexia is a disorder that affects all organ systems, and clinical manifestations and

Bulimia Nervosa is characterized by binge eating and purging (Gurenlian).

Bulimia can affect multiple organ systems resulting in a variety of medical complications, for example overeating associated with binge episodes can stretch the stomach or delay gastric emptying (Gurenlian). Purging can induce esophagitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, or esophageal rupturing, and pancreatitis and renal function impairment may occur (Gurenlian). Protein malnutrition, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalances can occur leading to hypokalemia and hypochloremia, muscle cramping, weakness, dizziness, excessive thirst, parasthesia, and syncope, while bruises, calluses, scarring, and abrasions of the fingers may be present, reflecting excessive induced vomiting behaviors. In severe cases, cardiovascular abnormalities can result in arrhythmias, arrest, cardiac rupture, or pneumomediastinum (Gurenlian).

Factors considered to predispose an individual to anorexia include female gender, family history of eating disorders, perfectionist personality, difficulty communicating negative emotions, difficulty resolving conflict, and low self-esteem (Gurenlian). Precipitating factors focus on developmental changes, such as sexual development and menarche in persons aged 10 to 14 years, and identity conflicts in individuals aged 17 to 18 as they transition from home to college or married life (Gurenlian). Perpetuating factors are those that maintain the eating disorder, such as signs and sym

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