Carrier identification codes are four digit numbers. With them, individual calls can be differentiated based on the originating switch or carrier from which it came. Each numeric code is unique to each carrier. They are employed by telephone companies to route calls to the trunk group designated by the carrier to which the code was assigned (ATIS, 2001). This is a complicated

3.Improvements in technology made the Act feasible in a way it couldn't have been even a few years earlier.

15. Obscenity and violence in the communications industry has been a controversial subject. Discuss what has occurred during the last 15 years.

19. What factors make bandwidth trading viable?

In fact, the First Amendment suggests that it is not. Though the Founding Father s probably didn't have Grand Theft Auto in mind when they wrote the First Amendment, the prohibition against censorship is still strong in the United States. The courts have ruled consistently in the last fifteen years that while the First Amendment does not afford absolute protection, it does provide protection to the images-obscene or violent-that the communications industry might broadcast. Legislation in the last fifteen years has been largely ineffective or stopped in its tracks before it can be implemented. The fear of widespread censorship is great, the definition of an obscene broadcast very vague. Nonetheless, attempts are still made-and usually challenged by organizations like the ACLU. Tipper Gore ran a campaign to control music lyrics in the early 1990s. Numerous senators and congressmen have proposed bills to regulate the entertainment industry or to call for self-regulation (Gerosthathos, n.d.).

The 1984 Divestiture, also known as the Modified Final Judgment, mandated at the very least competition for long distance service in the United States. AT&T was required to spin off its local telephone companies-a total of 22 spread across the nation. However, local telephone service would remain a monopoly. Each of those 22 companies retained complete control over the local market between 1984 and 1996. But, breaking up AT&T's complete control over the whole of the local telephone market was seen as a significant enough accomplishment for the ruling. The 22 companies were subsequently reorganized into 7 RBOCs, or regional Bell operating companies. A centralized organization was created, Bellcore, which had two primary functions. One, it would act as a central contact point for all National Security and Emergency Preparedness issues. Two, it would act as a technical resource for all the local telephone companies that had been spun off (Dodd, 2005).

We can see, in retrospect that there were a number of social, technological, and political factors that were directly complicit in the passage of the Telecommunications Act of 1996 (Dodd, 2005). These factors included:

12. List the 7 main items that came out of the Telecommunications Act of 1996.

Some common words found in the essay are:
Telecommunications Act, Companies RBOCs, Paleologo Takriti, Justice Department, York City, NANP Administrator, Billing FCC, CAP CAP, United States', RBOCs CAPs, dodd 2005, fiber optic, telecommunications act 1996, act 1996, telecommunications act, local telephone, telecommunications industry, optic cable, fiber optic cable, distance service, telephone companies, 1984 divestiture, local telephone companies, fiber optic networks, bandwidth trading viable,
Approximate Word count = 5487
Approximate Pages = 22 (250 words per page double spaced)