Most of them were concentrated in Los Angeles and other parts of California and Washington DC. On arrival they found themselves in the poverty stricken neighborhoods, without employment and hated by some Hispanics, mostly Mexicans, they compelled to form the gang Marasavatrucha -- MSS in the Pico Union area of Los Angeles, so as to safeguard themselves. They subsequently associated with drug trafficking and also committing murders. Irrespective of the fact that this was originated

Presently the law enforcement attempts to penetrate the MS-13 organizations have not succeeded and ended discouragingly primarily due to the fact that MS-13 members are strongly tied through personal linkages and shared experiences represented in the complex highly signified tattoos that is carved in the body parts of the members. Similar to the other criminal structures mostly comprising of immigrants, repressive measures to the gangs require effective missions abroad, a process which is considered always to be time consuming and seldom fully successful. The MS-13 gang is well known for its brutal punishments to the fellow members for being police informants. Therefore, the US Government is depending upon the policy of deportations to regulate the MS-13 operations. Exploiting the weakened southern border of United States many of the MS-13 members could find their way into the United States. 23

Fanning out from the El Salvador to Los Angeles and around the United States, Mara Salvatrucha 13 is growingly well organized and brutal. The gang MS-13 is operating with the principle to its members that 'if you are not loyal, you are dead'. Moreover, it is seen that the gang violence had moved into the upper middle class stratum of the society in Long Island, considered as a type of community where the natives think the crime to be the problem of somebody else. However, Mara Salvatrucha is growingly become the problem of everybody. MS-13 was not appeared as so prominent in East Gang Culture, till recently. The causes for its weak status in the East Coast Crime world were attributed to the fact that it was not very well organized and MS-13 was consisting of the small groups that functioned independently of each other. 27

The gangs transmitted from Salvadoran and Los Angeles and circulated now in Belize, Northern Honduras, Guatemala, Canada, and Mexico and over 30 US States, particularly on Long Island, New Orleans and around Washington DC in the Maryland and Virginia suburbs. This is also prevalent in Spain, Italy and even Belgium. Most of the founding members gradually vanished from the gang and with them the original purpose of forming the MS-13 gradually changed and then it has become transformed into a common criminal gang with a peculiar composition. Most of the founding members of the gang appeared to have hailed from the right-wing death squads those disintegrated into criminal activity and joined MS-13 for several objectives. The enrolled ones in such gangs have received training in firearms, explosives and booby traps. Irrespective of the report of the US National Drug Intelligence Center during the year 2004 indicating about the attempt of Mara Salvatrucha in different regions for establishing a coordination network, there appears no centralization or hierarchy among the gang from different fields. In its initial periods in US the gang Mara Salvatrucha permitted only the Salvadorans as members. 3

The members joining are made to jump by the gang for 13 seconds. Many of the rivalries and threats to the gang prevail at present. The group 'Sombra Negra death squad' has promised to eliminate the MS-13 gang. The Sombra Negra appears to be the unofficial vigilante group constituted by Police and Soldiers in El Salvador. Sombra Negra finds out and executes all kinds of criminals including the MS-13 members. The recent developments inside the gang include quitting up of Ernesto Smokey Miranda, a co-founder of the MS in Los Angeles, who is committed to assist the children staying out of the gangs. The US Department of Justice in March 2005 declared a crackdown on MS-13 arresting about 103 individuals alleged to be the MS-13 members spread over seven cities. The 18th Street gang members are considered to the chief rival of the MS-13 gang in El Salvador. US Homeland Security found the gangs to be the greatest threat to the homeland security and considered to be an emergent priority for legal enforcement. Accordingly, the Immigratio

Some common words found in the essay are:
Central America, El Salvador, Mara Salvatrucha, County Executive, Los Angeles, Homeland Security, Central American, Texas Incidents, Middle School, Northern California, el salvador, mara salvatrucha, ms-13 gang, los angeles, central america, 18th street, gang ms-13, law enforcement, homeland security, organized crime, deportation policy united, civil war el, ms-13 18th street, gang task force, 18th street gang,
Approximate Word count = 7282
Approximate Pages = 29 (250 words per page double spaced)