In studying contemporary Chinese politics, there are four different approaches that can be employed: ideology, organization, faction, and state/society. Reviewing some of the major events in the post-1949 era, the most useful way to interpret the events is to apply these various approaches, pending on the time and circumstances.

When explaining the outbreak of the Cultural Revolution, the most useful approach is to look at the event form the ideological perspective. According to Mao's theory of "contradiction", the main locomotive of history is the contradiction between production and the classes. Among the three stages of the contradiction, Mao announced that China was at its third stage, at the peak of the class struggle. Although it involves a violent revolution to develop to the next level, Mao explained that, with correct handling, the process could be resolved by peaceful mean. Thus, Mao launched "Great Leap forward Campaign" to avoid violent stage.

However, when "Great Leap Forward" resulted in a complete failure, Mao turned his eyes to orthodox view. He concluded that the violent class struggle is inevitable. Mao implemented the Cultural Revolution

Nevertheless, one should keep in mind that the usefulness of these models varies according to time and circumstances. For instance, prior to his death, Mao's ideas were obeyed without objection. However, at the Third Plenum in 1978, Mao's ideas came under fire, being criticised for neglecting the economic laws. Although officials knew the downsides of Mao's ideas, it was difficult to raise the issue since Mao was the most powerful person in the nation. Overturn of Mao's ideas exemplifies that, at times, one may use caution on applying the models into events in history.

Looking at the future political developments of China, ideological approach is a prevalent model. When Hu Qiaomu announced the end of class struggle at the Third Plenum in 1978, China began to see the ideological disputation in the leadership level. For instance, Den Xiaopeng and Chen Yun battled over the crucial ideological issue of "Socialist market economy". Tienanmum Massacre also exemplifies the ideological division within the leadership. What awaits China in the future is the ideological warfare between left and right camps. Ideological approach to the future outlook of Chinese politics gives a clear picture of Future Chinese politics.

Furthermore, one of the most us

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