Time for Change

A detailed Summary of Time for Change


Most pesticides are manufactured compounds that are designed to kill specific pests, such as weeds and insects. Many pesticides have the potential to harm non-target organisms, especially if the organisms are exposed to high levels or for a long period of time. In the early 1960s, Rachel Carson's widely publicized book "Silent Spring" described the ecological impacts of DDT and other pesticides. Concerns about the unintended effects of pesticides continue to this day, and evaluation of the risk to humans and the environment from present-day levels of pesticide exposure remains highly controversial.

Since the beginning of farming, pests, including insects, plant pathogens, and weeds, have been problems for farmers. Presently despite all the "control efforts" used, pests annually destroy about 40 to 50 percent of all crops worldwide. (Encyclopedia Britannica, 15th Addition, Volume 19) With so many areas of the world facing famine, researchers are attempting to reduce this loss by improving pest control. Even though this is a great concern, we humans must remember the dangers involving the use of pesticides and herbicides. These chemicals contain toxic materials that pose both environmental and human health ri


They are many methods to minimize the dangers of using pesticides and herbicides. One is through organic farming. Organic farmers do not use any herbicides to kill weeds. Instead, they do all the weeding by tractor and by hand. Because weeding is very labor intensive, organic farmers try to do everything possible to limit the amount of weeds that germinate when they farm. They are careful not to let weeds flower and therefore spread more seeds. Gradually, over two to three years, the weed populations are reduced. Another method that organic farmers use is drip irrigation whenever possible. Drip irrigation distributes water close to the plant line, whereas overhead irrigation covers 100 percent of the field, causing more weeds to germinate.

Pest control is a big challenge for organic farmers. First they try to anticipate in advance where and when different pests will be present. They adjust their planting schedules and locations as much as possible to avoid serious pest pressures. Their main strategy to combat harmful pests is to build up a population of beneficial insects, because the larvae of the beneficial insects feed off the eggs of pests. The key in building the organic farmers population of beneficials is to establish

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Approximate Word count = 838
Approximate Pages = 3 (250 words per page double spaced)

Category: Politics

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