rapid cycling bipolar disorder
Bipolar Disorder, also known as manic depression, is a medical illness that affects how a person acts, thinks, and feels. It is identified by periodic episodes of mania (highs) and depression (lows), usually with periods of normal mood in between these episodes. An affected person's mood can range from an excessive high to a profound hopelessness. The mood episodes can last for a few days or for as long as several months. There are different types of this disorder depending on the pattern and severity of the episodes. Most individuals with bipolar disorder experience their first mood episode while in adolescence, however some do not until after their twenties. Mania is a period, of at least one week, when a person's mood is abnormally euphoric or irritable. A manic episode represents a change form normal functioning that often interferes with work and relationships. Many times a person experiencing a manic episode requires hospitalization to return them to normal functioning. Symptoms of mania may include: increased energy, excessive euphoria, uncharacteristically poor judgement, excessive risk-taking behavior, and denial that anything is wrong.
to mistakes in diagnosing. The symptoms of mania are often close to those of metabolic disorders and drug abuse, and the symptoms of hypomania are often looked over altogether. These mistakes cause the patients to be prescribed inappropriate medications that often worsen the symptoms of depression. as the illness progresses. This rapid cycling may be either temporary or permanent. An individual may exhibit rapid cycling for a time, then return to a pattern of longer, less frequent episodes, or continue a rapid-cycling pattern indefinitely. While the definite cause of rapid cycling is unknown, there are three theories which suggest the reasons. The first of these theories is the Kindling or Sensitization Theory. This theory states that episodes are initially triggered by life experiences. As the illness progresses, the individual becomes more sensitive to possible triggers, causing the episodes to become more frequent. The theory states that eventually the episodes will be caused by internal stimuli (stimuli inside the individual's brain) instead of stimuli produced by the environment. The type, severity, and duration of a manic episode can vary. Hypomania is a milder form of mania with less severe symptoms. The main difference between mania and hypomania is that mania can cause a marked impairment in a person's ability to function on a daily basis. The main features of mania are experienced in hypomania, except that delusions are never present and all other symptoms are generally less severe then they would be in a full manic episode. A manic episode also includes three or more of the following: inflated self-esteem (an individual may see them self as overly important or invincible); decreased need for sleep (an individual may get only a few hours of sleep, or go for days without sleep and feel refreshed and energetic); extremely talkative/pressured speech (speech becomes loud, fast, and difficult to interrupt; distractibility (an individual may have trouble concentrating on any one task or may be unable to carry on a logical conversation for any length of time); racing thoughts/flight of ideas (conversations may switch from topic to topic, with loose connections between topics); excessive involvement in pleasurable activities ( may spend more than they have,
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