In this chapter Conroy talks about a survey done by Dr. Ole Vedel Rasmussen, this survey basically studied two hundred torture survivors who had been tortured by the African National Congress. Within his study, Dr. Rasmussen wanted to know at point were the victims most frighten. It seemed as though

Being tortured does not only effect you physically but psychologically as well. Let look at World War 2 and the Holocaust for instance there was studies done on some of the people who survived being a POW or the concentration camps. These studies showed that those people had illnesses that stemmed from headaches to impaired concentration to fear and anxiety to depression. Can abuse affect you mentally? Of course you do not have to be a rocket scientist to know that, anytime you have stress in general you increase your chance of having some kind of psychological dysfunction. I know personally people who have been physically and mentally abuse and they crack. These are just normal everyday people in our today's society, so I can imagine what those people were going through.

it were in between torture sessions, "for the victims, there is often no break, the mental anguish filling the void between sessions". This shows how the victim becomes hopeless because things that are happening to him/her is out of their control and Conroy mentions the "sense of unpredictability further undermines psychological stability"(pg.170) basically meaning that the victim is becoming mentally disturbed. The Irena Martinez case was similar to the previous case to where as she felt she had no control over what was happening to her. She had been stripped and beat to the point to which she had just gave u

Some common words found in the essay are:
Irena Martinez, World War, John Conroy, Dr Rasmussen, Ordinary People, Vedel Rasmussen, Gd Throughout, National Congress, torture understand, zero control, studies people, control happening, person persons,
Approximate Word count = 938
Approximate Pages = 4 (250 words per page double spaced)