Globalization and unemployment are among the most widely discussed subjects in an economic debate today. In Europe, for example, the tendency of unemployment to rise since the 1970s has become a centre of political conflict. Among the most effected are those politicians and their advisors whose ability to react to the dynamic changes in the market place has negatively been pursued and criticized. In Canada, unemployment has steadily been rising ever since the 1950s. Unemployment in that year was 3.6 percent; in 1960 was 7 percent; in 1980 was 7.5 percent; in 1990 was 8.1 percent, and in 1995 was 9.5 percent . Statistically, unemployment in Canada still remains at a crisis level even though we are now in the sixth consecutive year of economic recovery since the recession of the early 1990s. But it wasn't until the last couple of decades that a new cause was very quickly discovered which diverted the responsibility from politicians to a new factor called "globalization."

The definition of globalization differs from discipline to discipline. But here I will just focus on the economical and political terms. An economical definition of globalization refers to an evolving pat

The perception that the nature of jobs and employment in industrialized nations has been shifting more into technology-intensive has also raised a growing concern among the alarmists on employment instability. New culture within business emphasizes ideas such as "restructuring," "downsizing," "flexibility," "re-engineering," and "outsourcing". These have all become part of the whole notion of staying competitive. By introducing new information technologies, the companies are able to achieve long run economies of scale, which in turn allows them to remain competitive. This strategy can not only increase productivity and efficiency, but also reduce time, resources, and expenses in the long run by eliminating low-skilled employees. As a result, long run job security has become an issue for workers, especially in sectors such as agriculture, service, and manufacturing where major dislocation of workers on a massive scale has been moved by the corporate sector. Case studies of Japanese car transplants in Canada broaden this picture by giving a more direct impact of major transnational corporations on the labour market. The lean production has intensified the work effort, employment security in the long term is doubtful, labour costs are cut by contracting-out or by the introduction of work teams, making supervisors redundant (Leisink 15, 1999).

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A major factor contributing to this job insecurity is the continuously changing skill requirements for employees with the introduction of new information technologies. The increasing importance of knowledge, technological change and associated changes in workplace practices are some of the profound changes that are contributing, either directly or indirectly to increased insecurity faced by workers. Firms will eliminate low skilled workers and keep only those high skilled labourers who can cope with the demands of the new information technologies and systems. For instance, the Human Resource and Development of Canada found that the impact of computer-based technologies in Canadian firms, created only high-skilled jobs while most of the jobs that were eliminated were low skilled jobs (McMullen 1996). Also, for example, the proportion of the unemployed that has been permanently laid off has increased from an average of 38 percent per year in 1976 to almost 48 percent in 1995 . In addition, despite the fact that overall, average tenure remains unchanged, the proportion of jobs lasting less than 6 months has increased significantly over the last fifteen years - from 46 percent of all jobs over the 1981-85 period to 54 percent over the 1991-94 period . Rifkin, too, noted that "the only new sector emerging is the knowledge sector, made up of a small elite of entrepreneurs, scientists, technicians, computer programmers, professionals, educators, and consultants. While this sector is growing, it is not expected to absorb more than a fraction of the hundreds of millions who will be eliminated in the next several decades." Furthermore, there is a very high correlation between technology and skill level, where firms with higher technology employ more highly skilled workers (Black 6, 1998) while leaving the low skilled workers unemployed.

Aug 31, 1999.

There is a widespread view among them that in the dawn of the new millennium, "doing business" has become a different concept with a different meaning in the global village, especially among the multinational corporations. In the era prior to globalization, the idea of doing business had just one concept and goal: profit. But now in an era of globalization, the whole idea of "business" has a new dimension. It is no longer just about making money, but also about competition. Every action of the multinational corporations is in lieu of competition. But this is not only due to the fact that competition is becoming a new priority fo

Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 5345
Approximate Pages = 21 (250 words per page double spaced)