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Morocco

Since independence, 45 years ago, Morocco has been going through many social problems, mostly in education and health system. The former French colonial system left a advanced industrial sector, a good planned irrigation system, and an effective transportation network. However, the departure of the colonial administration had left the country without an functional political system from which a modern government and democracy could be established. (Focus on Morocco, 1998) Through these problems Morocco is going on its way to a modern state with a modern democratic government and democracy.

Al Mamlakah al Maghribiyah, Arabic name of the Kingdom of Morocco, is a democratic constitutional monarchy. It bounded on the north by the Mediterranean Sea, on the east and southeast by Algeria, on the south by Western Sahara, and on the west by the Atlantic Ocean. Morocco has occupied the bordering region Western Sahara. The area of Morocco is about 446,550 sq. km and has about 30 million of citizens. About 99.1 % of citizens are Arab-Berber and mostly used religion is Muslim - 98.7 %.

The present monarch, King Mohamed VI, is a member of the Alouite dynasty, which has governed Morocco for the last 300 years. He delegated a


The main reason why is the Morocco developing country is that Morocco and Moroccan political system was always under someone's control, either under France or Spain or under the king. Morocco has never had some democratic history and from this originated the small belief of democracy. Because the first constitution was formed only in 1972 and the first democratic constitution, if we can call it democratic, with the common human rights was formed in 1996, Morocco has a long journey to real democracy in front. Another problem that has Morocco is its unresolved southern boundaries. Moroccan government does not accept the Spain control over five parts of Morocco, Ceuta, Melilla, and three islands, and the guerrilla's control over Western Sahara. (Morocco, 1999)

The Morocco has big advantages in its homogeneous community. 99.1 percent of ethnic groups are Arab-Berbers, and also in religion is community very homogeneous; 98.7 percents of all Moroccans are Muslims. (CIA - The world factbook, 2000) There are no signs of ethnic or religion intolerance. The main problem is in dividing of community in elite. The king and his royal family has privileged position in society. As it was mentions the solution can be the change of political system from constitutional monarchy to republic with all human rights to all people. Next problem is in the southern part of Morocco and in Western Sahara. There are operating guerrillas of the Polisario Front, a Saharan nationalist guerrilla movement, that wants to establish an independent state called the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. (Morocco, 1999) So, the situation in Western Sahara has to be improved because it affect all factors of society such as political stability, foreign investments. Another problem is in education and heath care. As it was mentioned the literacy percentage is 43.7 and less than 40 percent of secondary-school-age Moroccans attend secondary school. The situation in health care in similar, although the health services are adequately well developed in cities, health care in other districts is poor. (Morocco, 1999)

The resolving of problems in Western Sahara can take a long time. Since 1974 there are frequent conflicts between Moroccan's army and the Polisario Front. United Nations wanted to solve this problem through the self-determination referendum, however, the referendum was repeatedly postponed because of voter eligibility. (Morocco, 1999) The problem in education and health care can be solved hardly because some districts of Morocco are very backward and also some communities such as Berber nomads does not want to change their life style.

Prime Minister, a Cabinet, promulgates the laws and is also the Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces. (Focus on Morocco, 1998) Moroccan constitution, cr

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Approximate Word count = 1869
Approximate Pages = 7 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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