civil rights
Although the Civil War brought about the freedom of slaves in the 1860s, blacks were not entirely free until the 1960s. Following the abolition of slavery, blacks found themselves still under racial oppression. The majority of the racial problems occurred in the South. In many areas of the South, laws blocked their right to vote, move freely in society, and own property. In addition, lynching and killing of blacks occurred regularly with no punishment for the white racists. These injustices continued and with them black resentment for it grew. In 1954, with the decision of The United States Supreme Court to overturn the "Separate but equal" doctrine during the Brown verses the Board of Education case the civil rights movement began. After years of peaceful demonstrations, trials, and extreme patience, blacks finally gained all of their rights, which made them equal to whites. The 1869 Plessy vs. Ferguson court case made the decision that declared "Separate but equal facilities" for African Americans. In 1954, The United States Supreme Court made the decision to overturn the "Separate but equal" doctrine during the Brown verses the Board of Education case. The legal argument, which resulted in the decision that racial
After the Brown vs. the Board of Education case, segregation in schools was supposed to be no longer permitted. However, in Little Rock, Arkansas in 1957, out of 517 black students, who lived in the Central High district, nine decided to try to attend the Little Rock integrated high school, they became known to the world as the "Little Rock nine". When the nine black students tried to enter on the first day of school, they were turned away by the National Guard ordered by Governor Faubus. Judge Davies ruled that Governor Faubus had not used the troops to preserve the law, but to prevent the students from entering. Governor Faubus had to remove the troops, but the Little Rock Police Department took over. On September 23, 1957 an angry crowed gathered around the school as the students tried to enter. The black students entered through the side door, but were escorted out of the building as the enraged, white protestors stood by. When President Eisenhower learned about the situation in Little Rock he sent one thousand members of the 101st Airborne Division to Little Rock to protect the students and keep the situation under control. With the army troops clearing a path through the protestors, the "Little Rock nine" were taken into school. Although only one of the nine students graduated from high school, they got the federal government to show that it would not allow for local or state governments to go against its authority on integration policies. The protest of Montgomery's bus system in 1955 is where King found his place in civil rights activities. In 1957, with other black ministers, King founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLS) to expand the nonviolent fight against racism. During the late 1950s, King assisted in the sit-ins and protested housing and poor schools. He also organized protests against real estate practices in Chicago that kept blacks from living in many white neighborhoods and suburbs, which he believed were trapping poor blacks in inner-city ghettos. King proved victorious in all kinds of work toward civil rights. segregation in public schools was unconstitutional was presented by Thurgood Marshall, the chief counselor of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). This provided the
Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 1537
Approximate Pages = 6 (250 words per page double spaced)
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