Luther's Reformation
In 1521, he was summoned again, this time by Charles V, the Holy Roman Emperor. Luther went to the meeting known as a Diet in Worms, Germany. In his defense he said, "Unless I am convinced by Scriptures and plain reason - I do not accept the authority of Popes and councils, for they have contradicted each other. My conscience is captive to the word of God, I can not and I will not recant anything, for to go against my conscience is neither right nor safe. Here I stand. I can do no other: God help me, Amen." Because of his words and beliefs, Luther was declared an outlaw. Charles V, bound by his knightly code of honor, granted Luther forty days of peace to get home, but Luther never made it there. He disappeared. Rumors surfaced throughout Germany that he had been assassinated. Soon after his disappearance, however, Luther's friends began to receive letters from him. These letters stated that he was alive and was hiding in the castle of Frederick of Saxony. While he was hiding, Luther wrote many sermons. He also translated the New, and later Old, Testaments into German, making it possible for more people to read the Bible. He also wrote many hymns,including "A Mighty Fortress Is Our God."
The number of religious wars was growing. The Peace of Augsburg was signed in 1555 to put an end to them. This agreement declared the princes of each region could choose their religion, with Lutheranism being the only Protestant religion allowed, and the Protestants could keep church land and wealth that was acquired before 1552. Many Northern princes converted to Lutheranism, whereas many Southern princes stayed Catholic.
In Germany, Lutheranism had now arose to a position along side its rival, Catholicism. Now Lutherans were recognized but only in a select number of states. By now many different radical churches had formed. Germany wasn't the only country in Europe that had adopted Lutheranism: Denmark and Sweden's Kings had also converted. King Henry VII of England reformed his church, too, mostly to give himself power. The kings that did convert may not have been deeply religious. Some were probably greedy for the wealth of the Church or for extra power. The result? A wide range of C In 1529 at the Diet of Speyer, Lutheranism was outlawed. Lutheran princes and imperial cities signed a protest of this ruling. Though both sides were opposed to each other, the Catholics and Protestants refrained from fighting while Luther still lived. After his death in 1546, however, the long overdue war began. The Catholics veteran army savagely beat the Protestants, who were badly organized and divided. The Battle Of Muhlberg in 1547 saw some Protestant leaders captured. With this victory in mind, Charles V star
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Approximate Word count = 1034
Approximate Pages = 4 (250 words per page double spaced)
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