Before the Revolutionary War, the first hint that the relationship between the American Indians and the white people would be rocky was when the British ordered the Proclamation of 1763. It prohibited any white settlers to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains because of numerous conflicts with the American Indians. After the Revolutionary War, the concept of "Manifest Destiny", to expand the nation to the Pacific Ocean and possibly Canada and Mexico, motivated many Americans to look beyond their territories.

After the Revolutionary War, they successfully gained all the land east of the Appalachian Mountains, from the St. Lawrence River to the 31st parallel. When the United States signed the Treaty of Versailles in 1783, it gave them the Great Lakes and Mississippi. The United States were able to expand even more after they were able to urge t

In 1828, Andrew Jackson, the war hero who defeated the Creeks and British became the new President of the United States. Andrew Jackson was considered a frontier man. The Americans on the frontier looked up to him and expected him to have a no-nonsense policy toward the Indians (Jones, Pg. 19). The Cherokee Indians were the first Indians to be a victim of the Jackson policy. At the time, the Cherokees were the most prosperous Indian nation. The white settlers in the area began to raid the Cherokees. The federal government did nothing about this. But when the Cherokees retaliated against the white settlers, the Cherokees were tried and punished severely. Finally, the Cherokees got fed up and appealed to the federal government and worked fiercely to keep the treaty obligations that required the United States federal government to protect the Cherokees and their lands. But the federal government said that the white settlers who took their land were too numerous to be moved and thus were unable to help the Indians. So instead of following the treaty with the Cherokees, the federal government under the Jackson administration took land away from them. The Cherokees brought their case to the Supreme Court to seek justice. Rather, the United States Senate ratified the Treaty of New Echota and President Jackson signed the treaty into law allowing the government to remove all Cherokees from their land (Satz Pg. 20). This decision by President Jackson was the first in a series of massive Indian removal (Gilbert Pg.23) . Finally, the Cherokees were forced to flee to "Indian Land", also known as Oklahoma. After the successful removal of the Cherokees, the federal government decided to remove the Choctaws, Creeks, and Chickasaws to Oklahoma as well. The Indians were harassed by the whites and suffered from diseases while traveling to Oklahoma on the trail known as the "Trails of Tears" (Gilbert Pg. 27,28). In 1832, US troops chased the Sauk nation across the Mississippi River. They killed at least 200 Sauks. As a result of this inhumane act, the federal government gave the remaining Sauks their own land in Iowa. Most of the removals made by the United States government were conducted without thinking about the comfort or health of the Indians. Most of the time, they were conducted with brutality (Jones, Pg. 23). The Indians were forced to walk hundreds of miles because the government did not provide them with good transportation. Also, the United States government promised housing, food, farm supplies, and livestock to start them out at their new locations, but they turned out to be false promised and hopes for the Indians. In most cases, the Indians were usually dropped off in the wilderness and left there to survive on barely nothing. Other times when they reached their new locations, before they knew it, they were being removed to another location. This process was repeated over and over until the Westward Movement.

The trouble for the American Indian began here. With all the new land acquired, many white Americans headed to the west and mid-west to settle. During these settlements, the Indians got in the way. The settlers were taking their land away from them and the white settlers kill

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Approximate Word count = 2177
Approximate Pages = 9 (250 words per page double spaced)