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Brave New World

The semi-religious worship that the World State devotes to science are apparent from the start. The starting date for the calendar is Ford's introduction of the Model T Ford, an automobile cheaply and efficiently produced by the assembly line system. All dates are preceded by "A.F." "After Ford," just as today's calendar system begins with Jesus's birth, A.D. The Director tells his students, "I shall begin at the beginning." His statement echoes the opening words of the Christian bible. The Predestinators, who determine the future need for members of a particular caste, also echo a Christian religious belief. Predestination is a Calvinist religious belief that God predestines individuals for heaven or hell before birth.

Huxley does not intend to criticize religion itself; instead he targets those who use religion to justify unequal social relations. In effect, the logic of the World State's worship of science justifies the stratification of the caste system. As the Director says, "social stability" is the highest social goal, and through "predestination" and rigorous conditioning, individuals accept their given role in society without question. Science is the powerful tool that allows the most powerful members of the World S


Pavlov was a Russian scientist who demonstrated the effectiveness of stimulus-response in a famous experiment with dogs. He repeatedly rang a bell when he fed the dogs. After a prolonged series of repetitions of this practice, the dogs salivated upon hearing the bell ring. The association between the bell and food produced an involuntary response in the dogs, almost mimicking an instinctive process.

The World State's racist overtones manifest themselves when Henry describes the most successful Podsnap ovaries. The first place record for the entire World State is held by a Mombasa Hatchery. He tells the students that a "negro ovary" reacts more vigorously to the pituitary. Moreover, the second place record is held by the Singapore Hatchery. A common racist stereotype of Blacks and Asians is that they are "naturally" more fertile than other races.

The World State's ultimate goal is complete social stability in stratified society. The World State solves the problem of social instability resulting from the basic conflict between the freely acting individual's interests and the interests of society by removing free will. It takes the observance of moral laws to the extremes of conditioned response by stifling as much of the citizen's individuality as possible. The citizen is conditioned to act involuntarily according to the interests of the larger social body.

Since the World State does not have parents, the State performs the parent role. In many ways, citizens remain children throughout their lives. The World State provides them with an assigned identity within a caste and a social function to perform. They are socialized to have no free will or individual independence. The drug soma, the encouragement to enjoy sexual pleasure at any opportunity, and the socialization away from any identity independent of the World State enacts an insidious form of enslavement. Pleasure, security, and happiness are the lure to this life-long, unthinking child-like dependence.

Only the three lower castes are produced in Bokanovsky groups. The production of the lower castes as an indistinguishable faceless horde echoes the class prejudices of some Social Darwinist theories. Moreover, the Bokanovsky groups destroy free will by limiting individuality among the lower casts, all in the name of "stability." The conditioning before and after birth determines the individual's behavior, turning the lower classes into automatons, or machines. They become automatons in every way, all in the name of "stability." Everyone undergoes the full process of conditioning, but the upper castes retain more individuality because they aren't mass produced in Bokanovsky groups. Furthermore, Bokanovsky groups are predestined to perform identical tasks in the same factories, reinforcing the ethics of assembly line production.

Moreover, the World State is both racist and sexist. The Director's students are obviously members of the Alpha caste. Otherwise, they would be learning to perform a single, insignificant task. Because the students are often described as "the boys," it is implied that no women belong in the group. This is the first of many hints that women occupy positions of lesser power and status in the World State. Moreover, to retain the State's control over reproduction, it is necessary to sterilize many of the fetuses, yet only female fetuses are sterilized.



Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 3557
Approximate Pages = 14 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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