While Garvey's name has now achieved legendary proportions, and his movement has had an ongoing international impact, Garvey was just another man who embodied the contradictions of his generation. He was seen by his colleagues in a variety of ways, both positive and negative. Despite any controversy, he has come to define both a social phenomenon, organized under the banner of the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) and African Communities League (ACL), and "an era of black renaissance, in which Garveyism and the concept of black racial pride became synonymous," (Holly, 132). Garveyism as an ideological movement began in black Harlem in the spring of 1918, and then flourished throughout the black world. Nearly a thousand UNIA divisions were formed, and tens of

thousands of members enrolled within the brief period of seven years. The reign of the Garvey movement, as Reverend Adam Clayton Powell, Sr., wrote, "awakened a race consciousness that made Harlem felt around the world," (Holly, 174). Of course, Garveyism is not the only reason that Marcus Garvey is so widely known today. Garvey's prized work begins with founding a newspaper in Jamaica entitled The Negro World, following the slogan "One God, One Aim, One Destiny." Around 1916, Garvey left his home of Jamaica to spread his ideas to the African Americans. "Garvey's farewell address to Jamaicans included the words 'Look to Africa for the crowning of a Black king; he shall be the Redeemer,'" (Vialli, 2). Within his first year in America, Garvey founded the UNIA, which developed into a national organization following the era of Garveyism. Encouraged by Booker T. Washington, another famous African leader, Garvey had come to America hoping to gather support for a proposed school to be built in Jamaica, patterned on the model of the famed Tuskegee Institute. Garvey started out fairly unknown, yet within a few short years, he had risen to the front rank of black leadership, at the head of a social movement that was unique in black history for its size and extent. Soon, blacks were not the only people following the ideas of Garv

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Approximate Word count = 894
Approximate Pages = 4 (250 words per page double spaced)