One would have to agree with the statement that the changes in ideology in the transition from Band to Chiefdom are a reflection of the changes in the infrastructure of the society. Using the course kit titled A Comparative and Evolutionary Approach by Peter Landstreet along with various notes from lectures and tutorials. The following essay will attempt to prove this statement true by illustrating the different changes in the infrastructure of each of the societal types and the resulting change in ideology.
The infrastructure of Band societies is based on hunting and gathering. Where as the men would do the hunting and the women would perform the gathering. And because this was an egalitarian society meaning that no one group had control over another, everything was shared equally and nothing was wasted. (Singh, Oct 17) This equal distribution of materials and food meant that no one would starve. A person did not have to worry if he or she wa
In the next stage of Tribal societies the infrastructure begins to change. Instead of hunting and gathering as their primary source of food. The livelihood of the Tribe was dependent on horticulture. (Singh, Oct 24) The reason behind this change was that crop cultivation produced greater food yields. This change also allowed the Tribe to settle in one area and they no longer had to be on the move. Due to this new development in the use of human labor to cultivate land it was now important for everyone to do his or her part in the production of food. Hence the ideology here begins to change a little in accordance with the change in lifestyle. Tribal ideology is still based on "liberty, fraternity, and equality" however there is now a separation or segmented distribution of units from top to bottom beginning with the "totality" down to the "family". (Landstreet, p.149) Their spirit world reflects the hierarchial levels of the Tribal society.
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