Hawthorne

expressed as symbolism which exhibits the weakness he found in all mankind. The ease in

which one can understand his symbolism has influenced American Literature.

Hawthorne’s cynical themes of human nature were represented in The Ministers Black

veil, The Birthmark, and Rappaccini’s Daughter. Hawthorne’s preoccupation with

scientific and Puritan religious values shows his belief in mans shortcomings through the

The solitary character, found in Hawthorne’s short stories, was based on his own

life. He lived a reclusive life starting at four when his father died of yellow fever. His

mother, Elizabeth Clark Manning Hathorne, and her three children were forced to move

back to her father’s house. In a house filled with thirteen others and a mother who

mourned her husband in seclusion Nathaniel found it necessary to spend as much time

alone as possible. His interest in reading began at seven when he injured his foot in a ball

game and recuperating for several years instilled in him the love of literature (Hart 320).

Being alone was a habit for him and deepened when he would spen

. . .
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Approximate Word count = 2297
Approximate Pages = 9 (250 words per page double spaced)