Percy Bysshe Shelley
Percy Bysshe Shelley, from the early 19th century, was "the most determinedly professional writer of all the English Romantic poets" . This is seen in not only his symphonic poems like the Ode to the West Wind, his lyrical sonnets such as Lines written among the Euganean Hills amongst The Cloud, To a Skylark and many others, his political rhymes like The Revolt of Islam and Queen Mab and his narrative verses like Adonais, Alastor and Epipsychidion. It is also obvious in his poetic dramas with Prometheus Unbound and The Cenci as prime examples and his famous essay The Defense of Poetry. In Shelley's view, "the poet is a dreamer, a visionary" who must use these dreams and visions to "persuade men to shake off the chains of the past, of custom, of selfishness, and to press onward to the vital task of constructing a world characterized by kindness, generosity, and love." Shelley was born "the eldest son of a wealthy squire" on August 4th, 1792 at Field Place near Horsham. He attended Eton, "the most famous of the English public schools" , where he was bullied by older boys and resented their tyranny and became "determined to fight against all forms of tyranny" . At university, Shelley began reading books by radical political write
Even though this poem or elegy is perhaps one of Shelley's most beautiful works, critics still look down upon certain aspects of it. "This poem is impressive as a frieze in its development and execution, but, beautiful as it is, I find the materiel too heavily stylized to be entirely suited to the rapid shifts of Shelley's sensibility. The effect is sculpture in stone, when Shelley works best in light and air," criticizes Stephen Spender. This seems to have more significance than usual seeing Keats, his entire career, couldn't shake the chains of critics, which lead to his demise, and tittle of misunderstood genius in the end. Shelley was trying to portray this aspect in Adonais and it seems he was so caught up in the character of Keats while composing this elegy, he himself had to suffer the choke of a quick pull of the chain for praising one who is looked down upon. In the spring of 1815, Shelley was convinced he was suffering from a fatal disease and was dying, this left him in a gloom depressing state. "The melancholy that attended this conviction can be detected in Alastor, generally looked upon as the first of Shelley's really important poems." The poem is about the search of ideal beauty in the world and inability to find it while searching for it. Alastor is a spirit who "frustrates the hopes of the central character of the poem, identified as 'the Poet'" In this poem Shelley first exhibits his interest in Greek philosophy, especially the philosopher Plato, and himself as a dreamer. Alastor also provides sighs of self-pity: The world should listen then- as I am listening now." rs due to the influence of Sir Francis Burdett, the radical M.P who he met through his father and who really impressed him. He read the book Inquiry Concerning Political Justice, by William Godwin who was an atheist and anarchist. "Godwin's optimistic view of the nature of man appealed to Shelley's native idealism, his readiness to believe the best of man. Following the example of the master, Shelley became an atheist." Then came the Necessity of Atheism, a pamphlet expressing his support of Atheism and attacking the idea that Christianity is forced upon people. March 25th, 1811 would be the date that Oxford University expelled Shelley for these pamphlets. Shelley then moved to Scotland with his sixteen-year-old bride Harriet Westbrooke creating a terrible scandal which he never received his father's forgiveness for. Revolutionary speeches on politics and religion in Ireland was next for Shelley and after his A Declaration of Rights pamphlet on the French Revolution was deemed too radical, he returned to England to pursue radical politics. He met William Godwin whom, by this time; he had developed a philosophical correspondence with, renewed his friendship with Leigh Hunt and realized he couldn't handle having only one woman in his life. Shelley formed a strong friendship with Mary Godwin and Jane Clairmont and spent a lot of time with them. "During this time the feelings between Mary and Percy developed into mutual passion" and Shelley was torn between his loyalty for his wife and his love for Mary... in the end he chose Mary. After revealing this to William Godwin, who was appalled by the whole thing, Mary and Percy ran off together with Jane too. Percy and Mary then got married after Harriet committed suicide, but the two would only be married for six years seeing Shelley the died on July 8th, 1822. Percy Bysshe Shelley drowned while sailing at the age of thirty. "The Ode to the West Wind is the most symphonic poem in the English Language" , says Stephen Spender. The poem published with Prometheus Unbound in 1820 is written with the verse form, terza rima, like the Dante poem Divine Comedy which to a lower extent had an influence on Shelley for this work: Good, great and joyous, beautiful and free;
Some common words found in the essay are:
Prometheus Unbound, Stephen Spender, Eton Shelley, Defense Poetry, Bysshe Shelley, Autumn's Thou, Poetry Shelley's, Revolt Islam, Italy Poor, William Godwin, prometheus unbound, west wind, percy bysshe, bysshe shelley, percy bysshe shelley, william godwin, ode west wind, written euganean, lines written, french revolution, ode west, lines written euganean, written euganean hills, euganean hills, met william godwin,
Approximate Word count = 3280
Approximate Pages = 13 (250 words per page double spaced)
|