Bay of Pigs

A detailed Summary of Bay of Pigs

The initiation of the Cold War in the late 1950s brought forth a feeling of uncertainty to the United States government. Communist activity in the USSR (United Soviet Socialist Republic) and else where around the world, increased drastically and put the U.S. in a defensive minded position. There was no clear intention of what could transpire at any given moment, the only thing that could be done was to wait patiently for the next move. No one would had guessed that the real dilemma was occurring just southwest of the shores of Key West, 90 miles away from the continental United States, on the biggest island of the Antilles, Cuba.

On the island of Cuba a new beginning was about to commence. A new regime was coming into power, which was without the authoritarian control of the United States. A government that would provide and protect the interests of Cubans and bring accountability and order back to an institution flawed with corruption. With the failure and aspiration of the July 26th Movement (1953), the forces of good were able to overthrow the corrupt power of Fulgencio Batista in late December of 1958.1 The person in charge of these revolutionary acts was a man by the name of Fidel Castro.

true interests of the Cuban people and more acceptable to the U.S.

in such a manner as to avoid any appearance of U.S. intervention.

By this time much had been done to advance the " Program of Covert Action Against the Castro Regime." The only thing left was the approval of the new president to go on as planned. Kennedy placed much resistance upon the plan because it didn't hide well the intervention of the U.S. and furthermore would cause a scandal if it were not fixed, but by this time this was not going to be made possible. By late 1960, word had already gotten out to the Cuban secret service about the operation the only thing that they didn't know was when it was going to occur. The New York Times published further evidence of the operation on January 10, 1961, entitled "U.S. Helps Train an Anti-Castro Force at Secret Guatemalan Air-Ground Base."10 Essential the fear of being found out had already happened, but still the element of surprise was before then since no real time table had been set for the invasion. Three revised plans were handed in to Kennedy on March 16,1961. Of the three he liked the one with the codename of Operation Zapata which would bring the amphibious operation to the Zapata Peninsula on the Bay of Pigs, but he ordered modifications to it to make it appear like more of an inside guerrilla-type operation.11 This was later approved by Kennedy.

of Cuba, by selected groups of Cubans of a sort that they might be

expected to and could undertake on their own initiative. 4

Patience was warring thin on both sides of the front. Both sides were ready to give up everything in order to come out with a victory. On March 27,1961, Castro spoke to a gathering of militia in Ciudad Libertad, Cuba and said: "We also are organizing ourselves... In the first place so that they do not carry out aggression against us, and in second place, if they do, they will have to pay very dearly for their impudence and audacity in finding themselves on the soil of our country."12

Essentially the method of accomplishing this end will be to induce,

President Eisenhower was not amused by this development. He now knew that this pest had now become a parasite that wouldn't let go of its victim. He wanted Castro out of power as soon as possible and by any means possible, the sooner the better. Fed up with the circumstances, on January 13, 1960, President Eisenhower and the Special Group, the body of government that authorized covert operations, agreed that the Castro regime had to be overthrown.2 Many covert operations were imploded soon after the meeting. There were many assassination attempts towards Castro, but none were successful. Even attempts of uprisings were squashed relatively fast by the regime. It was as if a divine power were watching over Castro and protecting his every move. In another attempt to rid the world of Castro, President Eisenhower adopted a plan convened by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) call

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Approximate Word count = 1994
Approximate Pages = 8 (250 words per page double spaced)

Category: History