Rosa Parks and the Montgomery
Rosa Louise Parks was born Rosa McCauley on February 4, 1913, in Tuskegee, Alabama. She was named after her grandmother, Rose Percival. Rosa was raised by her mother, Leona Edward McCauley, on her grandparents' farm at Pine Level, a small community outside Montgomery. Rosa received her primary education in a segregated rural school. In 1924 she enrolled at the private Montgomery Industrial School for Girls known as "Miss White's School." It was so named after its principal and cofounder, Alice L. White. All the students were African-Americans, and all the teachers were white women from the North. She married Raymond Parks and began living in Montgomery, Alabama in 1932.In Montgomery, Rosa and Raymond learned about the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). The NAACP worked to help black people gain their civil rights. In 1943, Rosa joined the Montgomery chapter of the NAACP. She was elected its secretary and assisted the chapter's president, Mr. E.D. Nixon. Rosa and Raymond devoted much of their time and energy to the organization. One cause they felt strongly about was the right to vote. On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa refused to give up her bus seat to a white man.
Rosa Parks said, "Sometimes I do feel pretty sad about some of the events that have taken place recently. I try to keep hope alive anyway, but that's not always the easiest thing to do. I have spent over half my life teaching love and brotherhood, and I feel that it is better to continue to try to teach or live equality and love than it would be to have hatred or prejudice. Everyone living together in peace and harmony and love . . . that's the goal that we seek, and I think that the more people there are who reach that state of mind, the better we will all be." E.D. Nixon called a meeting for all African-Americans at Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, where Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was the pastor. He and other African-American community leaders felt a protest of some kind was needed. A meeting was called and an overflowing crowd came to the church to hear his words. Dr. King told the crowd that the only way they could fight back would be to boycott the bus company. On the morning of December 5, the African-American residents of the city who represented 75 percent of the city's bus passengers, refused to use the buses. Some people walked wherever they needed to go. Others took taxis with African-American drivers who charged only the price of a bus ride. Blacks who owned cars shuttled others back and forth all day long.
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Approximate Word count = 1590
Approximate Pages = 6 (250 words per page double spaced)
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