CSFR was divided into two separate independent countries: The Czech Republic and Slovak Republic on 1.1.1993. This split was caused because of three reasons: historical, political and economical. Below I will try to discuss all of those reasons.

We should first say what federation is: it's a common state which consists of two or more equal nations. And word equal is most important for Czechoslovakia and its problems.

Firstly, we should think about historical reasons. In history of Czechs and Slovaks we could see that those two countries were never actually together in one state. Under the Austria-Hungary, Czechs were more under Austrians and Slovaks under Hungarians. But we should start from the beginning. During the tenth century there was the Great Moravia, which included Slovakia and Moravia. Later they conquered Czech, too, but only for 100 years. Then the Great Moravia under the pressure of Hungarians and Franks diminished. After then the Czech state emerged and in 11th century Moravia joined.

After this time Czechs and Slovaks never had their own state until establishment of CSR in 1918. Even under the Austria-Hunga

During communism era, national conflicts were repressed by the central Russian government and no divisions were allowed. But even during those times, Czechoslovakia was a very rare type of a country. There was no official mention about Slovaks as a sovereign nation. Communists tried to compensate this fact by founding for example KSS which actually was part of KSÈ. They also gave important federal functions to Slovaks. Communists though that this will compensate the fact that Slovaks didn't actually have their own nation, Slovakia. But it didn't help at all and it even deepened this problem.

Then on 28.10.1991, Vaclav Havel came to Slovakia. But his stay soon showed Slovakian nationalism and Czech quandary to deal with it. During Vaclav Havel's speech he wanted to stay silent for two minutes to revere memory of those who died for Czechoslovakia. But some Slovaks instead shouted "Long live Slovakia" or "There was enough of Havel". Havel immediately left meeting and was surprised by Slovakian attitude.

On 28.10.1918, CSR was founded by Czech representatives and on 30.10.1918 by Slovakian representatives. But from the very beginning, Slovaks (people) always thought that Slovakia is not equal to Czech. Which was partly true, because Czech was more advanced and had more inhabitants. In 1919 Czechs had even to declare exceptional condition in Slovakia. Then national government had to make a constitutional deed, which was supposed to tighten the Czechoslovak unity in the common state. So, we can see from the facts above, that establishment of Czechoslovakia wasn't so friendly as we were told by communist officials later on.

And soon after even bigger problem turned up. It was the change of CSSR's name. Havel and most of the Czech politicians thought that it will be an easy part, but they didn't understand Slovakian feeling about this problem at all. This change of name was soon after called "the dash war". Slovaks wanted the dash between Czech and Slovak Federative Republic (Cesko-slovenska federativni republika). But Czech politicians didn't want it because they though that it means that we (Czechs and Slovaks) are not together. Discussion among them finished when Czechs said: "OK, you can have that dash, but we won't use it anyway". This was so arrogant to Slovaks, that they didn't even believed it.

HZDS clearly wanted split of CSFR and there was no space for Klaus to negotiate about federation. Meciar wanted what he clearly couldn't get and he knew it. At this point it was clear that federation couldn't be hold. Then Slovakian national counsel declared sovereignty of Slovak republic.

Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 2204
Approximate Pages = 9 (250 words per page double spaced)