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Statistics of HIV

Introduction The purpose of this study is to ascertain the affects of drug-abusing fathers on the drug usage of their young adolescent children. A special targeted population were chosen for this study; they are the children of drug-abusing fathers who are HIV-positive or at risk for becoming HIV-positive. The major factors used to determine the dependent measure of adolescent marijuana use include certain drug abusing father attributes (i.e., illegal drug use, HIV status, and methods of coping), and adolescent personality which is directly affected by the father-adolescent relationship and environmental factors (see pathway to adolescent marijuana use). The focus of this paper will be on the influences of parent-child relationship, father's marijuana usage and HIV status of the father on the adolescent's marijuana use. These chosen domains (i.e., set of related variables) are a part of the study needed to determine the pattern of relationship between father drug use and adolescent drug use. This research is an extension of an earlier study of the psychosocial factors related to the AIDS-risk behaviors and methods of coping among male injection drug users [e.g., 1]. By focusing on the parental approach, it is hope that this inform


$50 to compensate for his/her time and expenses. Measures: The scales used in this study were based on their item (question) inter-correlation. These scales were grouped into four domains: Father's attributes, father-child relationship, adolescent's personality, and environmental factors. The father attributes include his HIV status, illegal drug use, and methods of coping with HIV or the risk of having HIV. The measure of the father's illegal drug use was derived from a combined score of the father's report of his illegal drug use and the child's report of the father's illegal drug use. It is found in previous studies that by combining the parent and children's responses to measures provides a greater predictability than using one source alone. The father-child relationship domain include measures of warmth/affection, parenting variables (such as mother's parenting style and father's parenting style such as rules and discipline), child's identification with both parents (admiration, emulation), father-child conflict, and the amount of time the father and child spent together. Except for the child's identification with the father scale, which is solely from the child's scores, all the father-child relationship scales were from a combined score of each father's and his child's questionnaires. The adolescent personality domain includes intolerance of deviance, rebelliousness, delinquency, aggression, sexual activity, and other measures of problem behavior. These measures were all taken only from the child's self-reports. The last domain, environmental, included measures of school environment, victimization, and gang membership. These measures were also taken only from the reports of the child. Analyses: Pearson correlation coefficients were computed between the scales in the two domain chosen (i.e., father attributes and father-child relationships) and the adolescent's past-year marijuana use. For the purpose of this paper, I have chosen only the variables from the father attributes and father-child relationship domains for the interaction-regression analyses. This will allow us to examine the effect of a variable from one domain in the presence of another domain will have on the child's marijuana usage. For all the analyses, the dependent variable was the adolescent's frequency of marijuana use during the year before the interview. Results Pearson correlation coefficients were computed to examine the association between the father attributes, the father child relationship factors, and the frequency of the adolescent's past year marijuana usage. (See table below). Correlation Coefficients between Scale Measures and Frequency of Past Year Adolescent Marijuana Use Scale Measures Adolescent Marijuana Use Father AIDS 0.07 Father Marijuana use 0.25* Father Admiration-Youth -0.20* Mother Admiration-Youth -0.36*** Father Affection-Youth -0.28** Mother Affection-Youth -0.29** Youth Mother Warmth-Father -0.22* Youth Father Warmth-Father -0.18+ Father child-centerness-Youth -0.20* Mother child-centerness-Youth -0.27** Father Conflict-Youth 0.24* Mother Conflict-Youth 0.26** Youth Father Discipline-Father -0.23* Father Extreme Autonomy-Youth 0.21* Mother Extreme Autonomy 0.24* Youth Father Extreme Autonomy-Father 0.17+ (Table continues) Correlation Coefficients between Scale Measures and Frequency of Past Year Adolescent Marijuana Use Scale Measures Adolesc

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Approximate Word count = 2271
Approximate Pages = 9 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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