locke
Locke wrote two important treatises, the first of which is a criticism of the doctrine of hereditary power. Sir Robert Filmer wrote Patriarcha or the The Natural Power of Kings published in 1680 in defense of the divine right of kings. According to Filmer, only the king makes laws, the king is free of all human control, does not have to pay attention to the laws created by his predecessors, and does not have to follow his own laws. The Lords of England only were supposed to give advice. The Patriacha began by opposing the opinion that "mankind is naturally endowed and born with freedom from all subjection and at liberty to choose what form of government it pleases. This is exactly opposite our constitution. Divine right of kings came from the idea that God bestowed the kinly power upon Adam, from whom it descended to his heirs, and ultimately reached the various monarchs of modern times. The church tended to believe in limits of kings. There was a battle between kings with their armies and the Church which depended on cleverness and sanctity (holiness) to reduce the power of kings. Filmer said that kings derived political power, not from a
A new international Social Contract is necessary before we can enjoy the promised benefits of government. When one international government has been created much of Locke's political philosophy will again become applicable [like no harm to one another.] The doctrine that the legislative, executive and judicial functions of government should be kept separate is characteristic of liberalism and is consistent with what Locke said. The state of nature that Locke talked about still exists but now between countries instead of people[, because people formed countries using a "social contract"]. In order to protect against those who did not follow the law of nature, civil government was formed as a social contract. "The great and chief end of men uniting into commonwealths, and putting themselves under government, is the preservation of their property: to which in the state of nature there are many things wanting."
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Approximate Word count = 2173
Approximate Pages = 9 (250 words per page double spaced)
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