ethiopia case study
Nearly half of Sub Saharan Africa's 45 independent countries encounter frequent serious food crises. Ethiopia, one of the world's larger countries, has long been plagues with the torment of poverty, illiteracy, hunger and disease. Famine, a reduction in everyday food supply, is a widespread problem that can strike in any corner of the developing world. Although sometimes unnoticed, this shortage of food slowly leads to hunger and malnutrition. Famine in Ethiopia is not caused by natural disaster, but instead is a direct result of social, political and economic human forces. "Not only are individuals and families dying from starvation there, but whole communities are forces to endure abnormal social and economic activities in order to ensure food". (5) Due to their lack of development planning in combating these hardships. "Ethiopia is characterized as one of the world's least developed nations". (4.65) This case study summarizes the existence of famine in Ethiopia as it related to its causes, both natural and political, resettlement and relief efforts and the issues involved famine in the future.Existence of Famine - When did it begin? People die, governments fail, economies breakdown, pove
Drought occurs when there is an insufficient amount of moisture at the right time available for crops. Because of its direct effects on agricultural production in sub Saharan Africa, the issue of lack of rainfall should not be ignored in development planning. Although nature is often blamed by man, Africa seems to experience prolonged drought as a result of man's interference with nature. - Food aid can prevent agricultural development that could alleviate hunger. Food aid in Ethiopia had been a direct disincentive to production, forcing local producers to cut priced to stay in business. (2.35) Although the Ethiopian government has made strides to alleviate the starvation problem, they have fallen short of the country's needs. Prevention must be stretched beyond the rapid provision of food early stages of famine. The aim must focus on direct development of the people to ensure satisfaction. Increased awareness and more knowledge of famine can help to promote a more timely response to the problem. In order to solve the problem of famine in Ethiopia, an understanding of what causes famine, what prompts starvation and what characterizes the beginning of massive hunger need to be addressed. "The fact that famine in Ethiopia remains unpreventable is due to a lack of information of indicators and proper planning of relief mechanisms". (1.383) The obstacles of famine prevention and relief difficulties in obtaining information, design of food aid and lack of transportation sources. Although information exists, it is rarely used by governments because they feel it is too scarce, and it is costly to set up monitoring systems. Famine aid is often designed to satisfy political aspects prior to reliving victims of starvation, regardless of where it is most needed. Lastly, the lack of transportation sources such as trucks, fuel, and parts prohibits relief workers from travelling to shelters and refugee camps. Because there is a period of warning before mass starvation occurs, famine is preventable. However, the likeliness of this problem being solved in the near future is rare. As long as the population in Ethiopia continues to grow without new advances in developmental planning, there will always be the potential for conflicts and shortages. The issues surrounding famine intervention, rehabilitation, and prevention remain among the most difficult to resolve. Although availability of food by no means prevents famine, sudden changes in access to food can create famine, especially in the absence of external assistance. Rehabilitation cannot simply be achieved by ensuring food availability. The immediate impact of errors in the system , the accumulated capacity of agencies working with relief, will depend on what cash and food reserves are being held. Failure of a given crop in a season should not result in famine as long as there are other resources available in the community. "The famine in the early 1980's was first discovered in the West in 1984, four weeks after the celebrations for the tenth anniversary of the rule of the military committee in Ethiopia". (5) Political in the West had been in dis
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Approximate Word count = 2117
Approximate Pages = 8 (250 words per page double spaced)
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