Disagreement exists as to whether women benefit or suffer from bias in sentencing decisions. However there is sufficient evidence to draw the conclusion that bias exists in relation t

Women from minority ethnic groups made up 25% of the female prison population in June 1999 and around 50% of these women were foreign nationals. Minority ethnic groups made up 6% of the UK population (Governments Strategy for Women Offenders). A high proportion of black women, particularly from certain parts of Africa, are imprisoned for their involvement in Drugs offences and fit the stereotype of a "mule" (M. Teague: Tutorial notes from May and Vass 1997). The presence of high numbers of foreign nations in the prison system carries with it unique implications for Probation practice. It requires cultural awareness, a sensitivity to different needs and willingness to work through interpreters.

Smith D "The Contribution of Feminist Criminology", in Criminology for Social Work. Forgot to note date and publisher.

Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 4511
Approximate Pages = 18 (250 words per page double spaced)