HYPERTENSION
Hypertension is a common disorder characterized by a sustained elevation of systolic arterial pressure (top number) of 140 mm Hg or higher, or a diastolic arterial pressure (bottom number) of 90 mm Hg or greater, or both. Hypertension is divided into two categories: essential (or primary) hypertension and secondary hypertension. Research has shown that hypernatremia (elevated serum sodium) increases the volume of blood, which raises blood pressure. Primary hypertension may also develop from alterations in other bosy chemicals. For some clients who respond to stress at a higher degree, hypertension may be related to a higher degree, hypertension may be related to a higher release of catecholamines, such as epinephrine and norepinephrine, which elevates blood pressure. Others feel that hypertension may be caused by a deficiency of natriuretic factor (a hormone produced by the heart) causing arteries to remain in a state of sustained vasoconstriction.
A patient may be experiencing hypertension when the blood pressure is consistently, but not always, higher than normal. The blood pressure should be checked at different times and different days to confirm that the readings are consistent. In addition to repeating the blood pressure measurements, an evaluation for hypertension by a medical doctor may include: Depending on the clients response to nonpharmacologic therapy, one of several antihypertensive drugs may be prescribed. There are many different types of drugs with proven track records in the control of hypertension, such as Apresoline and Brodipine. Choice of treatment depends upon the patient's age, race, and medical history. Clients may not have symptoms since the onset of hypertension, often called "the silent killer", is gradual. In some cases, hypertension is not diagnosed until the person experiences a major complication. Some minor symptoms may include:
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Approximate Word count = 737
Approximate Pages = 3 (250 words per page double spaced)
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