secrets unrevealed
The first study of clandestine operations was initiated 1988 in hopes of learning about the relationship between the President and the intelligence committees of Congress. Stephan F. Knott, an Assistance Professor of Political Science at the Untied States Air Force Academy, picked up this study of clandestine operations. In Knott's recently published book (1996) Secret and Sanctioned, he unveils the reality that not only were clandestine operations in the Cold War recently, been had also been used in times dating back to our Forefathers. Knott's account of covert operations involving some of our most admired leaders (George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln etc.) gives clear evidence that even the most admired respected of our leaders weren't completely honest dealers. The fact that covert operations were undoubtedly active in the times our Forefathers are illustrated within the realm of Secret and Sanctioned. Knott's main purpose in writing this book was to notify his audience that the age-old tradition of clandestine operations wasn't started with a new generation of politicians, but had been embedded within the political system since the beginning of the American Revolution. Knott worked with several well-educat
Secret and Sanctioned is excellent reading material for anyone who would like to learn about clandestine activities involving our Forefathers and some of our other infamous presidents. It helps to clear up information that you may have obtained in more ineffectual way. American Politics have been present to me in a more direct manner through this book. Secret and Sanctioned is definitely a good book to read when you want to know why politicians act the way they act today. This book also showed me how much power the president has. Washington set up the Contingency Fund during the Revolutionary War as means of supporting his intelligence operations. It was used primarily for foreign policy making giving the president control of the agreements. This bill was debated with an unknown diplomatic appointment. The House of Representatives wanted to know what Washington was going to spend money on. Washington's side argued that the House only needed to be concerned with whether or not salaries are to be made or not. Some House member were strongly against giving the president so much executive power, so the debate lasted months as the House and the Senate met and decided at last that they would pass the bill but would only give the stipulation of thirty thousand dollars. The president did however have certain limitations. The general appropriation allowed the president to decide where to appoint executive agents while consulting Senate. This decision was brought up Congressman Lee who thought that the president shouldn't be able the president should have to consult another authority. While he argued this point, another congressman by the name of Smith was contradictory toward taking the power away from the president saying that the president needed to be able to exercise his executive power to the fullest. The bill was finally passed in April of 1790 after much debate. The bill gave the president the executive power to act as he chose. One case scenario is when Abraham Lincoln used several spies and influential people as a means to turn the masses in North America and Europe against the Confederacy. His motive was that he could bring the Union together if he could see that the people held animosity towards the Confederacy during the war. After he had been successful in that mission he established the first intelligence agency called the Office of Strategic Services, now known as CIA (Central Intelligence Agency). The CIA became a nig part in the Iran-Contra affair during the term of former President George Bush. Bush's hands were tied becaus
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Approximate Word count = 1725
Approximate Pages = 7 (250 words per page double spaced)
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