to many of China's leaders that economic reform was necessary. During his

tenure as China's premier, Mao had encouraged social movements such as the

Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution which had had as their bases

ideologies such as serving the people and maintaining the class struggle.

By 1978 "Chinese leaders were searching for a solution to serious economic

problems produced by Hua Guofeng, the man who had succeeded Mao Zedong as

CCP leader after Mao's death" (Shirk 35). Hua had demonstrated a desire to

continue the ideologically based movements of Mao. Unfortunately, these

movements had left China in a state where "agriculture was stagnant,

industrial production was low, and the people's living standards had not

increased in twenty years" (Nathan 200). This last area was particularly

troubling. While "the gross output value of industry and agriculture

increased by 810 percent and national income grew by 420 percent [between

1952 and 1980] ... average individual income increased by only 100 percent"

(Ma Hong quoted in Shirk 28). However, attempts at economic reform in

China were introduced not only due to s

striking that Feng spoke of the benefits that the populace has received as

Shanghai's Manhattan" (Tyler A8), boasts more than twenty factories built

construction of a second international airport, a container port, a new

projects, and conspicuous consumption. In short, where "revered monuments

However, this is not necessarily a beneficial development. Inflation is

complained that "China has not complied with international rules on access

becoming involved in a policy so antithetical to the Chinese national

controlled system. This structure may be possible but it does have its

system that is run by the state. Certainly, one thing that the CCP has

to show some kind of responsibility, some moral force, to its citizenry.

our country?'" (52). The Chinese were as vociferous about issues of

Some common words found in the essay are:
Hua Guofeng, Communist Party, Andrew Nathan, Tyler A8, Cultural Revolution, Mao Zedong, Organization Gargan, United States', Zuckerman D6, Nevertheless Policy, economic reform, moral force, foreign investments, tyler a8, communist party, economic reform china, reform china, york times, chinese communist, human rights, chinese communist party, august 1994, china cracks a13, huaneng power development, shandong huaneng power,
Approximate Word count = 4031
Approximate Pages = 16 (250 words per page double spaced)