Optimistic ideas of the Enlightenment
1. To what extent did the Enlightenment express optimistic ideas in eighteenth century Europe? Illustrate your answer with references to specific individuals and their works. (1998, #5) During the eighteenth century, Europeans experienced the dawning of an age of knowledge, reasoning, and of great scientific achievements. Their views toward new discoveries and advancements were optimistic. People began to turn to science for a better understanding of their world and their society. Literature and essays were commonly used to express their hopes for further developments in society, politics, economy, and education. 1) Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690) a) Regarded the human mind of a person as a blank slate. b) Did not believe in intuition or theories of innate conceptions a) Attacked the theory of divine right of Kings. b) Argued that sovereignty did not reside in the state but with the people. 3) Some thoughts concerning education. a) Recommended practical learning to prepare people b) Locke's curriculum included conversational learning of foreign languages, especially French, mathematics, history, physical education, and games.
7) Also showed interest in alchemy, mysticism, and theology f) Formulated the rule for finding the number of positive and negative roots for any algebraic equation.
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Approximate Word count = 869
Approximate Pages = 3 (250 words per page double spaced)
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